Romero I of Creeperopolis

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"Saint Romero" and "San Romero" redirect here. For other uses, see Saint Romero (disambiguation) and San Romero (disambiguation).
In this Creeperian name, the first or paternal surname is Martínez de Jiménez and the second or maternal family name is Galdámez de Águila.
Romero I
Emperor of all Catholics
Official portrait of Romero I, 1940.
Official portrait of Romero I, 1940.
9th Emperor of Creeperopolis and the Creeperans
Reign2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946
Coronation15 September 1933
PredecessorAdolfo IV
SuccessorRomero II
Prime Minister(s)Máximo Illescas Freixa
28th Holy Protector of the State of the Church
Reign2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946
PredecessorAdolfo III
SuccessorRomero II
Supreme PontiffPío XI (until 1939)
Pío XII (from 1939)
6th Emperor of El Salvador
Reign2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946
PredecessorAdolfo II
SuccessorRomero II
28th King of Senvar
Reign2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946
PredecessorAdolfo II
SuccessorRomero II
6th Grand Prince of Creeperopolis
Reign3 June 1918 – 2 January 1933
PredecessorAdolfo Martínez Jiménez
SuccessorRomero Martínez Guerrero
EmperorAdolfo IV
Born18 June 1899
San Salvador Imperial Palace, San Salvador, San Salvador, Creeperopolis
Died6 July 1946(1946-07-06) (aged 47)
Lake San Salvador, north of San Salvador, Creeperopolis
Burial15 September 1960
Consort
Adriana Guerrero Guillén
(m. 1922; his death 1946)
Issue5, including Romero II
Full name
Romero I Adolfo Carlos de San Alfonso y San Miguel Martínez de Jiménez y Galdámez de Águila
HouseHouse of Martínez – Pelayo
FatherAdolfo IV of Creeperopolis
MotherRafaela Galdámez Águila
ReligionCreeperian Catholicism
SignatureRomero I's signature
Military service
Allegiance Imperial Council
Branch/service Romerist Armed Forces
RankCoat of Arms of Creeperopolis.png Commander-in-Chief
Battles/warsCreeperian Civil War

Romero I (Creeperian Script: Րոմերո Ի;[note 2] full name: Romero I Adolfo Carlos de San Alfonso y San Miguel Martínez de Jiménez y Galdámez de Águila;[note 3] 18 June 1899 – 6 July 1946) was the Emperor of Creeperopolis and the Creeperans, Holy Protector of the State of the Church, Emperor of El Salvador, and King of Senvar[note 4] from 1933 until his death in 1946.

The eldest son of Emperor Adolfo IV (reign: 1918–1933) and Empress Consort Rafaela Galdámez Águila, Romero I assumed the throne of Creeperopolis on 2 January 1933, however, his claim to the throne was contested by his younger brother, Prince Miguel. Both claimed the title of Emperor, with Romero I receiving political support from the right-wing Creeperian Conservative Coalition, while Miguel VII received political support from the left-wing People's Social Coalition. With the occurrence of a military skirmish in San Salvador del Norte between military factions supporting both claimants, both Romero I and Miguel VII accused the other of attacking first; calling upon the armed forces to rally to their side, the armed forces fractured in half along political ideological lines, beginning the Creeperian Civil War.

He married Adriana Guerrero Guillén and the couple had five children: Princess María, Princess Isabela, Grand Prince Romero (the future Emperor Romero II; 1946–1976), Grand Prince José, and Princess Raquel. He was the grandfather of Emperors Adolfo V (1976–1987), Romero III (1987–1999), and Alfonso VI (1999–2003), and the great grandfather of reigning Emperor Alexander II (since 2003).

Since his death and the end of the civil war, Romero I has been revered by Creeperans as a hero to the Fatherland, being commonly known as Romero the Great.[note 5] In 1955, he was declared a martyr and beatified by Pope Pío XII, and in 1960, he was canonized as a saint by Pope Juan XXIII. Today, Romero I is most commonly referred to in Creeperopolis as San Romero.[note 6]

Early life

Romero Adolfo Carlos de San Alfonso y San Miguel Martínez de Jiménez y Galdámez de Águila[1] was born on 18 June 1899 in the San Salvador Imperial Palace in San Salvador,[2] the capital city of Creeperopolis and the department of San Salvador. He was baptized eight days later on 26 June in the Cathedral of Christ the King in San Salvador.[2]

Prince Miguel (left), Princess María (center), and Prince Romero (right) in 1903.

His father was Prince Adolfo Martínez Jiménez and his mother was Princess Rafaela Galdámez Águila.[2] His uncles were Emperor Alexander I, who assumed the throne in 1898 following the death of Emperor Maximiliano II, and Grand Prince Alfonso Martínez Jiménez.[3] He was the great grandson of Emperor Adolfo III.[3]

Prince Romero was the second of five children, with his older sister being Princess María and his younger siblings being Prince Miguel, Prince Alfonso, and Princess Anastasia.[4] At the time of his birth, he was fourth in line for the throne of Creeperopolis, after Grand Prince Alfonso, Prince Gustavo Martínez Dávalos, the son of Grand Prince Alfonso, and Prince Adolfo.[5] In 1910, Alexander I died, and his uncle became Emperor Alfonso V.[6]

In 1917, Prince Romero began attendance of the San Salvador Imperial Military Academy to study military tactics and history.[7] He was reported to have excelled in his studies by Chief Field Marshal Jaime Cabañeras Zapata, the chairman of the military academy.[7] On 19 May 1918, his brother, Prince Alfonso, died to Creeperian Malaria, forcing Prince Romero to suspend his studies to attend his brother's funeral on 22 May.[8] Prince Alfonso's death reportedly caused Prince Romero's other brother, Prince Miguel, to question the Creeperian Catholic faith that his entire family, as well as much of the nation, adhered to,[9][10] while it reinforced Prince Romero's faith who believed that it was God's decision to allow Prince Alfonso to die to his illness and that he was in Heaven.[8]

Grand Prince

Ascension to Grand Prince

On 3 June 1918, Emperor Alfonso V died to Creeperian Malaria, and because his son and heir, Grand Prince Gustavo, died the previous year on 6 March 1917 in a hunting accident, Prince Romero's father became Emperor Adolfo IV.[11] Upon his father's ascension to Emperor, Prince Romero was elevated to the title of Grand Prince, heir apparent to the throne of Creeperopolis.[11] Alfonso V's death reportedly further increased Prince Miguel's questioning of religion in general, which eventually led him to denounce the Creeperian Catholic faith in 1920 and began to proclaim himself an atheist, the first time a member of the Creeperian royal family had ever became an atheist and the first to become an apostate Prince Roberto Martínez López converted to Senvarian Protestantism in 1620.[12][13] Grand Prince Romero was present at Alfonso V's funeral on 10 June, and was formally designated as Grand Prince and heir by his father on 15 September.[14]

After nearly three months away from the military academy, Grand Prince Romero returned to his studies in July 1918 and reportedly continued to excel in his studies.[15] Following his brother, Prince Miguel began attending the military academy in 1919 and the brothers helped each other in their studies during their time at the military academy.[16] While at the military academy, Grand Prince Romero observed military drills and training operations in San Salvador, San Miguel, Abdan, and the San Carlos Islands.[17] He studied both tactics and history for the army and navy while at the military academy.[15] He graduated from the military academy on 15 September 1920 with the honorary rank of Field Marshal and participated in Creeperopolis' annual military parade in San Salvador in celebration of the Day of the Creeperans.[18] Upon his graduation, his father bestowed upon him the Star of the Imperial Army.[19][20]

Introduction to politics

File:Grand Prince Romero.jpg
Grand Prince Romero in 1921.

On 31 December 1921, Prime Minister Inhué Ordóñez Yepes had Grand Prince Romero preside over the session of the parliament, an extraordinary power of the Grand Prince, which is usually done by the Emperor, given upon his graduation from the military academy.[21] During the session, he was awarded the Order of the Parliament by Ordóñez Yepes, which was heavily protested by the Creeperian Socialist Party (PSC) and Creeperian Social Communist Party (PSCS), both allies of Ordóñez Yepes' National Liberal Party (PLN) and members of the People's Social Coalition (CSP).[20][22] The incident negatively affected Ordóñez Yepes' and the PLN's popularity among voters of the People's Social Coalition.[23] Ordóñez Yepes died in April 1922, and in the 1922 general election, the PLN lost twenty-six seats in the parliament, with voters voting instead largely for the PSC.[24][25] Additionally, the right-wing to far-right[26] Catholic Royalist Party (PRC) gained the most seats and its leader, Antonio Sáenz Heredia, became prime minister for a third term.[25][27]

Beginning on 31 December 1922, Sáenz Heredia made requests for Grand Prince Romero to attend sessions of the parliament along with Adolfo IV for ceremonial purposes.[28] He continued to attend sessions of the parliament throughout Sáenz Heredia's term as prime minister from 1922 through 1927.[29] Outside of attending sessions of parliament at the request of Sáenz Heredia, Grand Prince Romero generally stayed out of Creeperopolis' political affairs.[30]

Following the Christmas Putsch of 1923, Grand Prince Romero condemned the actions of the Creeperian Pro-Fatherland Front (FPPC) and the Camisas Negras (CN) for attempting to overthrow the government.[31][32] Similarly, following the San Pedro Incident of 1925, he condemned the actions of the Action Party for San Pedro (PASP) for attempting to overthrow the departmental government of San Pedro.[33][34] He also denounced the violence occurring between the Camisas Negras, the Falange Creeperiano (FC), and the Atheist Red Army (ERA), which has come to be known as the Reigns of Terrors,[35] calling for the demobilization of the paramilitary groups and a peaceful resolution, which was ignored by the three belligerents.[36]

Prior to the 1927 general election, Grand Prince Romero became more vocal about his support for the Creeperian Conservative Coalition (CCC), and especially the Catholic Royalist Party, of which he was a member of,[37][38] by attending Sáenz Heredia's political campaign rallies and publicly endorsing the Catholic Royalist Party.[39] On the contrary, his brother, Prince Miguel, began vocally supporting the People's Social Coalition and the Creeperian Social Communist Party, alienating him from the rest of the royal family and gaining him the support of the CSP in return.[40] Some socialists and communists opposed Prince Miguel's support due to their anti-monarchal positions, while many others accepted his support, seeing it as a means to the eventual abolition of the Creeperian monarchy.[41][42] During the election, the Creeperian Socialist Party won thirty-one seats in the parliament, defeating the Catholic Royalist Party by one seat.[43][44] The party's leader, Édgar Cazalla Beldad, became prime minister on 31 December 1927.[45][44]

Crisis of 1928

In January 1928, Cazalla Beldad, who was the first ever member of the Creeperian Socialist Party to serve as prime minister, began efforts to implement socialist economic reforms,[46] blaming the poor socioeconomic status of the majority of Creeperian workers on the economic policies of Sáenz Heredia and Macos Espiga Mina (prime minister: 1892–1902) as intentionally "keeping down" the working class.[47][48] The People's Social Coalition passed the Act to Protect the Workers of Creeperopolis on 3 January by a 51–49 vote, which mandated that all businesses in Creeperopolis had to pay their workers a wage of two pesos per hour,[note 7] give their workers at least two weeks of paid vacation, and prohibited the use of corporal punishment or withholding pay as a disciplinary punishment.[49][50] While Grand Prince Romero held some objections to some aspects of the reforms, while agreeing with other aspects,[51] the Creeperian Conservative Coalition and several of Creeperopolis' largest corporations and monopolies vehemently opposed the reforms.[52] The deadline for the implementation of the reforms was 3 March 1928, exactly two months after the bill was passed.[53]

In an effort to prevent the enforcement of the bill, Gustavo López Dávalos, the CEO of the National Coffee and Sugar Corporation (CORNACA), hired militants from the Camisas Negras to assassinate Cazalla Beldad.[54] On 7 February, a month after the bill passed, three militants of the Camisas Negras, wearing Atheist Red Army uniforms, stormed the parliament and assassinated Cazalla Beldad by shooting him while he was delivering a speech.[55] The assassins fought with police officers immediately dispatched to the parliament to control the situation, and during the chaos, Sáenz Heredia declared himself as acting prime minister and declared that all of the laws passed by Cazalla Beldad were null and void.[56] The People's Social Coalition protested and condemned Sáenz Heredia's power grab, demanding his immediate resignation, which he eventually did on 10 February following a parliamentary vote to appoint a new prime minister.[57] Grand Prince Romero condemned the violence, stating that "this sort of violence leads to the fall of governments."[58]

Joel Lacasa Campos, a member of the Creeperian Social Communist Party, was elected to replace Sáenz Heredia as prime minister.[59] His selection was condemned by the Creeperian Conservative Coalition, which demanded his immediate resignation.[60] On 23 February, Lacasa Campos had the Atheist Red Army assassinate López Dávalos in revenge for the assassination of Cazalla Beldad.[61] In revenge of López Dávalos's assassination, Sáenz Heredia had the Falange Creeperiano assassinate Lacasa Campos and the family of Cayetano Handel Carpio, the leader of the Atheist Red Army, on 1 March.[62] Throughout the month of March, the Atheist Red Army, Falange Creeperiano, and Camisas Negras all engaged in street battles to intimidate the opposition and voters, and said street battles usually came under suppression from the Civil Police or the Creeperian Army.[63]

Grand Prince Romero was deeply concerned and distraught by the violence occurring within the first half of 1928.[64] He reportedly told one of the royal family's servants that he was afraid to speak out and publicly condemn the violence, as he feared alienating the Creeperian Conservative Coalition and increasing the hostility of the People's Social Coalition by making any public condemnations.[65] He has referred to the Crisis of 1928 as the "worst scar in the history of Creeperian democracy."[66] During the civil war, he made remarks stating that he had been praying during the height of the Crisis of 1928 that the political climate in the country become calm for when he inevitably becomes Emperor of Creeperopolis.[66]

Buildup to civil war

With the assumption of Tobías Gaos Nores as prime minister on 2 March and the end of martial law in San Salvador on 19 April, a general sense of peace came upon Creeperian politics, however, tensions between far-left and far-right extremists remained present, with various paramilitary groups continuing to patrol the streets to intimidate voters and opponents.[67] Several politicians, military officials, members of the royal family, including Grand Prince Romero,[68] and many civilians believed that the unfolding violence was a prelude and leading to a larger, politically divisive, nation-wide civil war.[69]

Reign as Emperor and civil war

Succession crisis

Unstable early rule

Beginning of the De-Catholization

War in the early 1940s

Siege of San Salvador

Personal life

Marriage

Emperor Romero I and Empress Consort Adriana in 1938.

Romero I married Adriana Guerrero Guillén, the daughter of Antonio Guerrero Menéndez, the Captain General of San Salvador at the time, on 1 March 1922.[70] He was 22 years old and she was 21 years old.[70] The marriage ceremony occurred in the San Salvador Imperial Palace.[71] Several prominent politicians were in attendance, including Adolfo IV, Ordóñez Yepes, Sáenz Heredia, Guerrero Menéndez.[72]

The marriage was arranged as a political reward to Guerrero Menéndez for supporting Sáenz Heredia during his second term as prime minister, and to ensure his continued support during his third term as prime minister.[73] The arrangement and effective political bribe was controversial at the time, however, has since been disregarded and considered a "non-issue" by subsequent Creeperian historians.[74]

Issue

Romero I and Empress Consort Adriana had five children.[75]

Issue of Emperor Romero I and Empress Consort Adriana
Name Portrait Lifespan Notes
Princess
María Claudia
Martínez Guerrero
Princess María Claudia Anastasia de Romero y Adriana Martínez de Galdámez y Guerrero de Menéndez
8 March 1924

8 January 2008
(aged 83)
Princess
Isabela Juana
Martínez Guerrero
Princess Isabela Juana María de Romero y Adriana Martínez de Galdámez y Guerrero de Menéndez
29 October 1927

3 August 1945
(aged 17)
Died during the Creeperian Civil War.
Emperor
Romero II Óscar
Martínez Guerrero
Emperor Romero II Óscar Adolfo de San Alfonso y San Miguel Martínez de Galdámez y Guerrero de Menéndez
18 September 1930

11 November 1976
(aged 46)
Grand Prince: 2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946;
succeeded Romero I to the crowns of Creeperopolis,
the State of the Church, El Salvador, and Senvar.
Grand Prince
José Alexander
Martínez Guerrero
Grand Prince José Alexander Alfonso de San Alfonso y San Miguel Martínez de Galdámez y Guerrero de Menéndez
3 February 1932

3 July 1992
(aged 60)
Grand Prince: 6 July 1946 – 7 October 1956
Princess
Raquel Alexandra
Martínez Guerrero
Princess Raquel Alexandra Julia de Romero y Adriana Martínez de Galdámez y Guerrero de Menéndez
23 December 1938

living
(age 85)
Shortened form of names listed (given name, middle name, paternal surname, maternal surname).

Ideology

The yugo y flechas, the logo of the Catholic Royalist Party.

Politically, Romero I was a member of Catholic Royalist Party, a right-wing to far-right political party,[26] from 1921 until his death in 1946.[37] Upon his ascension as Emperor, he became the fifth consecutive Emperor to be a member of the Catholic Royalist Party,[76] although, he did initially consider joining the center-right National Conservative Party.[21] He opposed the far-right Creeperian Pro-Fatherland Front since its attempt to overthrow the government in 1923,[30] however, he began to tolerate the party with the beginning of the civil war in 1933.[77][78]

Romero I was an absolute monarchist, a Catholic theocrat, a National Catholic,[26][37] a social conservative, and vehemently anti-communist and anti-atheist. His exact economic positions are disputed, however, it is generally agreed upon by historians that Romero I generally aligned himself with right-wing and capitalist economics before the civil war,[21] while during the civil war, he had the government take control of virtually all aspects of the economy as a part of the war effort.

Death and funeral

The burning, floating wreckage of the BIC La'Victoria before she was scuttled.

Sainthood

Emperor Saint Martyr

Romero I

A portrait of Emperor Romero I, 1936.
A portrait of Emperor Romero I, 1936.
Emperor of Creeperopolis and the Creeperans
Venerated inCreeperian Catholic Church
Beatified6 July 1955, San Pedro's Basilica, San Salvador del Oeste, State of the Church by Pope Pío XII
Canonized15 September 1960, San Pedro's Basilica, San Salvador del Oeste, State of the Church by Pope Juan XXIII
Major shrineValley of the Fallen
Feast30 September
AttributesImperial garments, Crown of Creeperopolis
PatronageCreeperopolis, Creeperian Catholics, San Salvador, Monarchy of Creeperopolis, martyred Catholics, oppressed and persecuted Catholics
ControversyWar crimes, crimes against humanity, White Terror, human rights abuses, concentration camps
InfluencesAlfonso I, Miguel I, Carlos III, Martyrs of the Creeperian Civil War
InfluencedMartyrs of the Creeperian Civil War, Romero Galdámez Alas

Efforts for canonization

Controversies

War crimes

Crimes against humanity and human rights abuses

Use of concentration camps

Legacy

Commemoration

A statue of Romero I in San Salvador.

In propaganda

Things named after Romero I

Buildings and infrastructure
Military units
  • 14th Creeperian Army – Ejército de Emperador San Romero I The 14th Creeperian Army is nicknamed the Ejército de Emperador San Romero I (translated as the Army of Emperor Saint Romero I).
  • 33rd Creeperian Army – Ejército de Romeristos The 33rd Creeperian Army is nicknamed the Ejército de Romeristos (translated as the Army of Romerists).
  • The 1st Infantry Battalion is nicknamed the Batallón de San Romero (translated as the Battalion of Saint Romero).[note 8]
Universities

In popular culture

Film

Literature

Titles, styles, honors, and arms

Titles and styles

Royal styles of
Romero I of Creeperopolis
Coat of arms of Romero I
Reference styleHis Imperial Majesty
Spoken styleYour Imperial Majesty
Alternative styleSir

Romero I's complete title as Emperor was:[79]

"By the Grace of the Lord, our God, Romero I Adolfo Carlos de San Alfonso y San Miguel Martínez de Jiménez y Galdámez de Águila, Emperor of Creeperopolis and the Creeperans, Emperor of all Catholics, Imperial Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Army of Creeperopolis, Imperial Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Naval Forces of Creeperopolis, Imperial Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Air Forces of Creeperopolis, Imperial Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Guard of Creeperopolis, Holy Protector of the State of the Church, Emperor of El Salvador, King of Senvar, Archduke of Abdan, Archduke of Adolfo III Land, Archduke of Adolfosburg, Archduke of Helam, Archduke of Jakiz, Archduke of La'Libertad, Archduke of La'Unión, Archduke of Salvador, Archduke of the San Carlos Islands, Archduke of San Luís, Archduke of San Miguel, Archduke of San Pedro, Archduke of San Romero, Archduke of San Salvador, Archduke of San Salvador del Norte, Archduke of Santa Ana, Archduke of Senvar, Archduke of Sonsatepan, Archduke of Zapatista, Duke of Puerto Francisco, Presider of the Parliament of the Fatherland."

Awards and decorations

Emperor Romero I in full military uniform and decorations, 1935.
Creeperian decorations[20]

 Creeperopolis

Foreign decorations[80]

Atlántida

Castilliano

 El Salvador

Lyoa

Rakeo

 State of the Church

 Yourtanad

Military ranks

  • SS.OO.11.EJER.GENERAL DE EJERCITO.svg Field Marshal; 15 September 1920[18]
  • Coat of Arms of Adolfo III of Creeperopolis.png Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Army; 2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946
  • Coat of Arms of Adolfo III of Creeperopolis.png Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Navy; 2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946
  • Coat of Arms of Adolfo III of Creeperopolis.png Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Air Force; 2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946
  • Coat of Arms of Adolfo III of Creeperopolis.png Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Guard; 2 January 1933 – 6 July 1946

Arms

Coat of Arms of Romero I[81]
Coat of Arms of Romero I – Imperial Order of the Papal and Creeperian Cross
Coat of Arms of Romero I – Imperial Order of Miguel the Great
Coat of Arms of Romero I – Imperial Cross of Alfonso the Great
Coat of Arms of Romero I – Supreme Order of Christ
As Knight of the
Imperial Order of the
Papal and Creeperian Cross
As Grand Master of the
Imperial Order of
Miguel the Great
As Grand Master of the
Imperial Cross of
Alfonso the Great
As Grand Cross of the
Supreme Order of
Christ

Ancestry

See also

Creeperopolis portal
Terraconserva portal

Notes

  1. Originally buried in the Cathedral of Christ the King on 25 December 1949.
  2. Creeperian Spanish pronunciation: [ˈro.me.ɾo(-l) priˈme.ɾo].
  3. Creeperian Script: Րոմերո Ի Ադոլֆո Ծարլոս դե Սան Ալֆոմսո յ Սան Միգփել Մարտձնեզ դե Ջիմէմեզ յ Գալդըմեզ դե Ըգփիլա.
  4. Reigned as: Römer I of Senvar (Senvarian form of Romero); Senvarian pronunciation: [ˈrœm̩.ɛʁ deːʁ ˈtsvaɪ.tɛ].
  5. Creeperian Spanish – Creeperian: Րոմերո'լ Գրամդե; Creeperian Spanish – Iberic: Romero'l Grande; Creeperian Spanish pronunciation: [ˈro.me.ɾo-l ˈgran.de].
  6. Creeperian: Սան Րոմերո; Creeperian Spanish for: Creeperian Spanish pronunciation: [san ˈro.me.ɾo]; Saint Romero.
  7. This was considered extremely high for the time, as the average worker could expect to earn only one peso per day.
  8. The 1st Infantry Battalion is a part of the Black Division (1st Infantry Division), the elite forces of the Creeperian Army.
  9. 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Posthumously awarded.

References

Citations

  1. Pareja Palau 2016, p. iii.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 1.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 2.
  4. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 3.
  5. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 7.
  6. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 10.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 11.
  8. 8.0 8.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 12.
  9. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 14.
  10. Pareja Palau 2013, p. 4.
  11. 11.0 11.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 14.
  12. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 17.
  13. Pareja Palau 2013, p. 7.
  14. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 16.
  15. 15.0 15.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 18.
  16. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 18–21.
  17. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 19–20.
  18. 18.0 18.1 Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 21–22.
  19. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 23.
  20. 20.0 20.1 20.2 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 422.
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 25.
  22. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 25–27.
  23. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 27.
  24. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 27–30.
  25. 25.0 25.1 Pareja Palau 2009, pp. 23–24.
  26. 26.0 26.1 26.2 Ramírez Ortega 2006, pp. 23–24.
  27. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 30.
  28. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 37.
  29. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 37–43.
  30. 30.0 30.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 38.
  31. Pareja Palau 2009, pp. 24–25.
  32. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 39.
  33. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 25.
  34. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 41.
  35. Pareja Palau 2009, pp. 23–26.
  36. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 41–42.
  37. 37.0 37.1 37.2 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 24.
  38. Ussía López 1996, p. 4.
  39. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 43.
  40. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 43–44.
  41. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 28.
  42. Ussía López 1996, p. 6.
  43. Pareja Palau 2009, pp. 28–30.
  44. 44.0 44.1 Ussía López 1996, p. 7.
  45. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 30.
  46. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 31.
  47. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 32.
  48. Ussía López 1996, p. 8.
  49. Pareja Palau 2009, pp. 33–34.
  50. Ussía López 1996, pp. 14–19.
  51. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 46.
  52. Ussía López 1996, pp. 22–24.
  53. Ussía López 1996, p. 25.
  54. Ussía López 1996, pp. 29–35.
  55. Ussía López 1996, p. 42.
  56. Ussía López 1996, p. 43.
  57. Ussía López 1996, pp. 43–55.
  58. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 53.
  59. Ussía López 1996, p. 55.
  60. Ussía López 1996, pp. 55–61.
  61. Ussía López 1996, p. 87.
  62. Ussía López 1996, p. 112.
  63. Ussía López 1996, pp. 115–149.
  64. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 56.
  65. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 56–58.
  66. 66.0 66.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 57.
  67. Ussía López 1996, pp. 147–154.
  68. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 60.
  69. Ussía López 1996, pp. 152–153.
  70. 70.0 70.1 Pareja Palau 2016, p. 32.
  71. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 32–33.
  72. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 33.
  73. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 34.
  74. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 34–35.
  75. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 36.
  76. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. 24–25.
  77. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 58.
  78. Pareja Palau 2009, p. 35.
  79. Pareja Palau 2016, p. v.
  80. Pareja Palau 2016, p. 423.
  81. Pareja Palau 2016, pp. iii–iv.
  82. Pareja Palau 2016, p. A1.

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

Romero I of Creeperopolis
Cadet branch of the House of Martínez – Ishmael
Born: 18 June 1899 Died: 6 July 1946
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Adolfo IV
Emperor of Creeperopolis and the Creeperans
1933 – 1946
Succeeded by
Romero II
Preceded by
Adolfo III
Holy Protector of the State of the Church
1933 – 1946
Preceded by
Adolfo II
Emperor of El Salvador
1933 – 1946
King of Senvar
1933 – 1946
Creeperian royalty
Preceded by
Adolfo III
Grand Prince of Creeperopolis
1918 – 1933
Succeeded by
Romero II
Military offices
Preceded by
Adolfo IV
Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces
1933 – 1946
Succeeded by
Romero II
Honorary titles
Preceded by
Adolfo II
Presider of the Parliament
1933 – 1946
Succeeded by
Romero II