Difference between revisions of "Reykanes"
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|national_anthem = <br/>"[[Fyrir Reykjanes er stolt okkar|For Reykanes is our Pride]]"<div style="padding-top:0.5em;></div> | |national_anthem = <br/>"[[Fyrir Reykjanes er stolt okkar|For Reykanes is our Pride]]"<div style="padding-top:0.5em;></div> | ||
| − | [[File: | + | [[File:"Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" performed at the White House in 1994.oga]] |
|other_symbol_type = <!--Use if a further symbol exists, e.g. hymn--> | |other_symbol_type = <!--Use if a further symbol exists, e.g. hymn--> | ||
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|religion_year = <!--Year of religion data (if provided)--> | |religion_year = <!--Year of religion data (if provided)--> | ||
|religion_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)--> | |religion_ref = <!--(for any ref/s to associate with religion data)--> | ||
| − | |demonym = | + | |demonym = Reykani <!--Term/s describing those associated with the country/territory (e.g. "Belgian" for the country Belgium)--> |
|government_type = '''Unitary Parliamentary Republic''' <!--(often a compound multi-wikilinked term, e.g. "Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic", etc)--> | |government_type = '''Unitary Parliamentary Republic''' <!--(often a compound multi-wikilinked term, e.g. "Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic", etc)--> | ||
|leader_title1 = President | |leader_title1 = President | ||
| − | |leader_name1 = [[ | + | |leader_name1 = [[Þjóðleifur Eddason]] |
|leader_title2 = Prime Minister | |leader_title2 = Prime Minister | ||
| − | |leader_name2 = [[ | + | |leader_name2 = [[Daría Hlífarsdóttir]] |
<!--......--> | <!--......--> | ||
|leader_title14 = <!--(up to 14 distinct leaders may be included)--> | |leader_title14 = <!--(up to 14 distinct leaders may be included)--> | ||
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|area = <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)--> | |area = <!--Major area size (in [[Template:convert]] either km2 or sqmi first)--> | ||
| − | |area_km2 = | + | |area_km2 = 5,444,874 <!--Major area size (in square km)--> |
| − | |area_sq_mi = | + | |area_sq_mi = <!--Area in square mi (requires area_km2)--> |
|area_footnote = <!--Optional footnote for area--> | |area_footnote = <!--Optional footnote for area--> | ||
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| − | |population_density_sq_mi = | + | |population_density_sq_mi = |
|population_density_rank = | |population_density_rank = | ||
|nummembers = <!--An alternative to population for micronation--> | |nummembers = <!--An alternative to population for micronation--> | ||
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|date_format = <!--all-numeric date format and era, such as [[Common Era|CE]], [[Anno Domini|AD]], [[Hijri year|AH]], etc.; e.g. {{abbr|yyyy|year}}-{{abbr|mm|month}}-{{abbr|dd|day}} ([[Anno Domini|AD]]) --> | |date_format = <!--all-numeric date format and era, such as [[Common Era|CE]], [[Anno Domini|AD]], [[Hijri year|AH]], etc.; e.g. {{abbr|yyyy|year}}-{{abbr|mm|month}}-{{abbr|dd|day}} ([[Anno Domini|AD]]) --> | ||
|electricity = <!--e.g. "230 V–50 Hz"--> | |electricity = <!--e.g. "230 V–50 Hz"--> | ||
| − | |drives_on = | + | |drives_on = left <!--"right" or "left" (side of road)--> |
|cctld = .rey <!--Internet country code top-level domain identifier (e.g. [[.br]], [[.de]], etc) | |cctld = .rey <!--Internet country code top-level domain identifier (e.g. [[.br]], [[.de]], etc) | ||
|iso3166code = <!--ISO code only; no extra text. Use to override default from common_name parameter above; omit using "omit".--> | |iso3166code = <!--ISO code only; no extra text. Use to override default from common_name parameter above; omit using "omit".--> | ||
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}} | }} | ||
| − | '''Reykanes''', officialy known as '''Republic of Reykanes''',([[Salisfordian]]:''Repubblica Recania''),([[Reykani]]: ''Reykjanes''), is a Nordic island country between the [[Vernier Ocean]] and [[Acernis Ocean]] on the island called [[Nurderlia]] and it's the most sparsely populated country in the Northern | + | '''Reykanes''', officialy known as '''Republic of Reykanes''',([[Salisfordian]]:''Repubblica Recania''),([[Reykani]]: ''Reykjanes''), is a Nordic island country between the [[Vernier Ocean]] and [[Acernis Ocean]] on the island called [[Nurderlia]] and it's the most sparsely populated country in the Northern hemisphere. It is the Largest island in the world. The capital and largest city is [[Hafnir]]. Hafnir and the surrounding areas in the south and South West of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population. Reykanes is a Parliamentary republic which consists of eight regions which is divided into twenty-three municipalities. As of 2020, an estimated 3 million people live in the island nation of Ecros. Nurderlia is semi volcanically and geologically active. In Reykanes the largest volcano is called Hekla but the most active is Katla to this day. The interior consists of a very mountainous regions, and glaciers, and many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Most areas are very isolated, some areas can go for years without any human presence near. Nurderlia is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate in the Southern parts of the island despite a high latitude. Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, and most of the Northern regions have a polar climate and get freezing winters. |
| − | The Republic of Reykanes is a member of the [[Terraconserva Council of Nations|TCN]], [[EEFTA]], [[JASAREPA]] and a observer of the [[Ostlandet Union]]. Reykanes has been mostly a very neutral country since the second half of the 20th century until 2022 when neutrality officially ended and politically opened up to the world. Since becoming a republic, Reykanes changed economically, technologically and culturally, Having a high [[List of countries by Human Development Index|list of Human Development Index]] and being the second largest by [[List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita|GDP (nominal) per capita]] and has a score of 7.83 in the [[Global Democracy Index]], defining it as a flawed democracy. | + | The Republic of Reykanes is a member of the [[Terraconserva Council of Nations|TCN]], [[EEFTA]], [[JASAREPA]] and a observer of the [[Ostlandet Union]]. Reykanes has been mostly a very neutral country since the second half of the 20th century until 2022 when neutrality officially ended and politically opened up to the world. Since becoming a republic, Reykanes changed economically, technologically and culturally, Having a high [[List of countries by Human Development Index|list of Human Development Index]] and being the second largest by [[List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita|GDP (nominal) per capita]] and has a score of 7.83 in the [[Global Democracy Index]], defining it as a flawed democracy. Reykanes is the 5th largest country in the world, smaller than Groffenord but bigger than Pavulturilor. |
| − | The Reykani economy is heavily reliant on fishing industry, pine tree, coal, copper, Raw Aluminium export,iron mining and oil refinery, making it the world's [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|23rd largest by nominal gross domestic product (GDP)]] at 217,714,518,202 Credits. | + | The Reykani economy is heavily reliant on fishing industry, pine tree, coal, copper, Raw Aluminium export, iron mining and oil refinery, making it the world's [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|23rd largest by nominal gross domestic product (GDP)]] at 217,714,518,202 Credits. Reykanes also performs highly in education, healthcare and life-expectancy. |
| − | + | Reykani Labour Party-Independence Party Coalation is in office currently. Elections are held every 6 years. | |
| − | Due to its location as a island, civilisation started quite later than most countries. Its location would characterize the entire history of Reykanes. Earliest sign of civilisation started in the 2nd century BC. Multiple coastal city states formed. They would eventually unite and form the Kingdom of Reykanes. A volcano eruption would cause the end of the kingdom in 1322 and from the ashes | + | Due to its location as a island, civilisation started quite later than most countries. Its location would characterize the entire history of Reykanes. Earliest sign of civilisation started in the 2nd century BC. Multiple coastal city states formed. They would eventually unite and form the Kingdom of Reykanes. A volcano eruption would cause the end of the kingdom in 1322 and from the ashes risen the Vilankthian-Tyrnian Reykanes. The country would fight a constant battle with colonisers and the local pirates to keep their independence. The pirates would eventually mostly take over the region for some time until they are kicked out, eventually resulting in a revolt, which established the Reykani Republic. Eventually Salisford takes over with a political trickery. This would be the changing point. The Salisfordian language and culture is forced on the natives. Slowly they would get their independence. A short lived Socialist republic would lead to the transmission between a colony and a independent country. A coup would end it and lead to the country that is alive today. |
| − | + | ==Etymology== | |
| − | The name | + | The name for Reykanes is generally agreed to derive from the Proto-Ecrosian root, meaning "smoking peninsulas",which holds historical and geographical significance. The term refers to the volcanic activity present on the island as well as the unique topographical features characterized by numerous peninsulas. The name has been in use since the island's inception when the country was founded in 112 BC. |
==History== | ==History== | ||
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[[King Nátfarri]] (112 BC-88 BC) is the first king of Reykanes. He also started diplomacy with the other Northern kingdoms and started trade with them. Biggest trade was the Cod farms which had the most jobs and food and in return we got to learn new things. Reykanes started trading by nearby nations that resulted in being put on the map and being used as a halfway resting point between [[Ecros]] and [[Ostlandet]]. Kingdom of Reykanes was a kingdom from 112 BC till 1322. | [[King Nátfarri]] (112 BC-88 BC) is the first king of Reykanes. He also started diplomacy with the other Northern kingdoms and started trade with them. Biggest trade was the Cod farms which had the most jobs and food and in return we got to learn new things. Reykanes started trading by nearby nations that resulted in being put on the map and being used as a halfway resting point between [[Ecros]] and [[Ostlandet]]. Kingdom of Reykanes was a kingdom from 112 BC till 1322. | ||
| − | ===1322: Hekla Erupts | + | ===1322: Hekla Erupts=== |
| − | This was the worst volcano eruption in Reykani history. Hekla erupted in 1322 and destroyed most towns near it, the biggest was the town called [[ruins of Hoffner|Hoffner]], which was the nearest populated settlement near Hekla since the farm lands were plentiful due to volcanic activity. The ruins of Hoffner can be visited today. | + | This was the worst volcano eruption in Reykani history. Hekla erupted in 1322 and destroyed most towns near it, the biggest was the town called [[ruins of Hoffner|Hoffner]], which was the nearest populated settlement near Hekla since the farm lands were plentiful due to volcanic activity. The ruins of Hoffner can be visited today. The king called Skapti was visiting the volcano in hope seeing beautiful volcanic activity but he lost his life there. He died with another estimated 1.5 thousand people.(at that time it was estimated that the total population was 113.4 thousand). He died without a son nor any other family member who was present in Reykanes thus ending Sigfússon Monarchy. Due to no succession the kingdom fell apart and it was divided in to 3 noble estates. |
===Vilankthian-Tyrnian Reykanes (1328-1514)=== | ===Vilankthian-Tyrnian Reykanes (1328-1514)=== | ||
| − | King Skapti died in 1322 with no heir. His death created an opportunity for about a dozen lords, or "oligarchs",often called "Little Kings", who had by that time achieved de facto independence of the monarch to strengthen their autonomy. They acquired all royal castles in a number of counties where everybody was obliged either to accept their supremacy or to leave. The first significant Paleocacherian influence in Reykanes began in 1301 when TBD, a member of the House of Vilankthian-Tyrne, married Jón Loftsson. Viceroy Snorri Sturluson invited Jón Loftsson to claim the throne in | + | King Skapti died in 1322 with no heir. His death created an opportunity for about a dozen lords, or "oligarchs",often called "Little Kings", who had by that time achieved de facto independence of the monarch to strengthen their autonomy. They acquired all royal castles in a number of counties where everybody was obliged either to accept their supremacy or to leave. However most of those "Little Kings" would be under 3 different families by 1324. The first significant Paleocacherian influence in Reykanes began in 1301 when TBD, a member of the House of Vilankthian-Tyrne, married Jón Loftsson. Viceroy Snorri Sturluson invited Jón Loftsson to claim the throne in 1324 but he was met with opposition. This lead to the [[War of the Reykani Succession]], which Jón Loftsson promptly won. As he was apart of the House of Vilankthian-Tyrne, Reykanes was under the realm of Paleocacher. |
| − | ===Reykani Republic(1514-1780)=== | + | ===Reykani Republic (1514-1780)=== |
===Piracy in Reykanes=== | ===Piracy in Reykanes=== | ||
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===Salisford in Reykanes=== | ===Salisford in Reykanes=== | ||
{{main|Grand Duchy of Reykanes}} | {{main|Grand Duchy of Reykanes}} | ||
| − | + | Following the decline of the pirate era in Reykanes, the kingdom of Salisford saw an opportunity to expand its influence and exploit the resources of the weakened island. Salisford sought to establish colonies overseas, envisioning these settlements as sources of valuable materials, including metals that could be traded with other nations. Acquiring Reykanes would provide Salisford with a strategic foothold in the northern region of Ecros. | |
| + | |||
| + | Despite the defeat of the pirates, small communities still existed sporadically throughout Reykanes. Salisford seized this chance and enlisted the notorious pirate Ástþór Vífilsson to lead a coup and assume leadership over the island. Ástþór Vífilsson was provided with various resources and manpower to aid his cause. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In early March of 1781, Ástþór Vífilsson successfully orchestrated the coup, effectively taking control of Reykanes. Salisford dispatched advisors and nobles to assist in the governance and development of the newly established territory. However, Ástþór Vífilsson's reign was short-lived, as he was betrayed and killed in December of the same year, allowing Salisford to fully assert its control and establish Reykanes as a colony. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In 1781, Salisford officially created the Grand Duchy of Reykanes, which endured as a colonial entity until 1949. Throughout its existence, the Grand Duchy served as a valuable outpost for Salisford, enabling the extraction of resources and the expansion of their influence in the region. | ||
===Norse war (1805-1807)=== | ===Norse war (1805-1807)=== | ||
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[[File:Reykani Socialist Republic.png|thumb|right|Reykani Socialist Republic (1949-1957)]] | [[File:Reykani Socialist Republic.png|thumb|right|Reykani Socialist Republic (1949-1957)]] | ||
| − | ===Coup d'etat and establishment of democracy(1957- | + | ===Coup d'etat and establishment of democracy(1957-)=== |
{{main|1957 Reykani coup d'état}} | {{main|1957 Reykani coup d'état}} | ||
| − | + | {{main|Ajaki–Reykani War}} | |
| + | The year 1957 witnessed a significant transformation in Reykanes, beginning with student protests that eventually escalated into a full-fledged coup d'état against the government. A growing number of people expressed their desire to end the communist rule that had prevailed in the nation. Seizing the opportunity, military general Bjarni Herjólfsson covertly organized a group to challenge the incumbent leader, Brynjólfur Bjarnason, whose policies had sparked dissent in the country. | ||
| + | |||
| + | As the protests gained momentum, General Bjarni Herjólfsson capitalized on the unrest, leveraging his connections to mobilize the military against Brynjólfur Bjarnason. Some street skirmishes occurred in Hafnir, but the confrontation swiftly subsided when Brynjólfur Bjarnason was apprehended. General Bjarni Herjólfsson with the help from other party members proceeded to rewrite the constitution and reinstated regular elections, transforming his country into the Democracy that exists today. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Soon after, the newly established nation found itself embroiled in the Ajaki-Reykani War, facing a formidable challenge from Ajaki forces. With external assistance, Reykanes managed to secure victory in the conflict. However, the military sustained significant damage, leading to a drastic reduction in its size. Consequently, the decision was made to disband the military and transfer its responsibilities to the police force. For a period of three years, Reykanes operated without an active military presence. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Following the stabilization of the economy, the military was reestablished in 1963. Efforts were undertaken to rebuild the armed forces, revitalizing their capabilities and size. In response to the devastating consequences of the Ajaki-Reykani War, a neutrality act was signed and passed in 1968. This act aimed to assert Reykanes' commitment to neutrality, seeking to avoid entanglement in future conflicts and mitigate the potential for extensive damage and casualties. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The events of 1957, including the transition from student protests to a coup d'état, the Ajaki-Reykani War, and subsequent military restructuring, played a significant role in shaping the political landscape and military policies of Reykanes. These transformative experiences continue to impact the nation's governance, defense strategies, and commitment to neutrality. | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
| − | Reykanes is located on [[Nurderlia]]. The Island is classed as apart of [[Ecros]].It is Located from 50° to 80° to north. Nurderlia is volcanically and geologically active. in Reykanes the largest and tallest mountain is called [[Hekla volcano]] being 2,185 meters high and lowest point being 0 meters at sea level. The largest body of fresh water is Lake Askja and the largest river is the Norðurá. Reykanes in General is very mountainous because of its volcanic history. The Island is surrounded by many islands apart of the chain. Most of the coast is rocky. | + | Reykanes is located on [[Nurderlia]]. The Island is classed as apart of [[Ecros]].It is Located from 50° to 80° to north. Nurderlia is volcanically and geologically active. in Reykanes the largest and tallest mountain is called [[Hekla volcano]] being 2,185 meters high and lowest point being 0 meters at sea level. The largest body of fresh water is Lake Askja and the largest river is the Norðurá. Reykanes in General is very mountainous because of its volcanic history. The Island is surrounded by many islands apart of the chain. Most of the coast is rocky. The rugged coastline is broken by huge fjords and thousands of islands. |
<gallery caption="Photo gallery" mode="packed" heights="200px"> | <gallery caption="Photo gallery" mode="packed" heights="200px"> | ||
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{{multiple image | {{multiple image | ||
| caption_align = center | | caption_align = center | ||
| − | | image1 = | + | | image1 = László Kövér Senate of Poland 01.JPG |
| width1 = 99 | | width1 = 99 | ||
| − | | caption1 = [[ | + | | caption1 = [[Þjóðleifur Eddason]],<br /><small>[[President of Reykanes|President]] since 2022</small> |
| − | | image2 = | + | | image2 = Orosz Anna 2017-ben.jpg |
| width2 = 135 | | width2 = 135 | ||
| − | | caption2 = [[ | + | | caption2 = [[Daría Hlífarsdóttir]],<br /><small>[[Prime Minister of Reykanes|Prime Minister]] since October 2023</small>}} |
Reykanes has been a unitary, parliamentary republic since the ratification of the Constitution of 1957. The Reykani political system uses a constitutional document that was ratified in 1957 and is the fundamental law of Reykanes. Amendments generally require a two-thirds majority of parliament; the fundamental principles of the constitution (as expressed in the articles guaranteeing human dignity, the separation of powers, the state structure, and the rule of law) are valid in perpetuity. 79 Members of Parliament are elected to the highest organ of state authority, the unicameral [[Parliament of Reykanes|'''Alþingi''' or '''Parlamento Recano''']], every six years in a single-round first-past-the-post election with an election threshold of 1,3%. | Reykanes has been a unitary, parliamentary republic since the ratification of the Constitution of 1957. The Reykani political system uses a constitutional document that was ratified in 1957 and is the fundamental law of Reykanes. Amendments generally require a two-thirds majority of parliament; the fundamental principles of the constitution (as expressed in the articles guaranteeing human dignity, the separation of powers, the state structure, and the rule of law) are valid in perpetuity. 79 Members of Parliament are elected to the highest organ of state authority, the unicameral [[Parliament of Reykanes|'''Alþingi''' or '''Parlamento Recano''']], every six years in a single-round first-past-the-post election with an election threshold of 1,3%. | ||
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===Military=== | ===Military=== | ||
{{main|Reykani Defence}} | {{main|Reykani Defence}} | ||
| − | The militay consists of a small but moderately modern army. It is consisted of three branches. The [[Reykani Armed Forces]], [[Reykani Navy]] and the [[Reykani Air Force]]. 0.9% of Reykanes's GDP is dedicated for the army. As of September 2022 the Armed forces has a strength of 4500 active soldiers within the Reykani Defence, the Airforce 1050 and the Navy | + | The militay consists of a small but moderately modern army. It is consisted of three branches. The [[Reykani Armed Forces]], [[Reykani Navy]] and the [[Reykani Air Force]]. 0.9% of Reykanes's GDP is dedicated for the army. As of September 2022 the Armed forces has a strength of 4500 active soldiers within the Reykani Defence, the Airforce 1050 and the Navy 2,280 making it the worlds smallest active standing military. |
[[File:Finnish soldier observing targets.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:Finnish soldier observing targets.jpg|thumb]] | ||
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==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
===Education=== | ===Education=== | ||
| − | === | + | ===Health=== |
| + | In Reykanes almost all hospitals are government-funded and private hospitals barely exist because the healthcare system is primarily based on a public model and Reykanes operates under a universal healthcare system, which aims to provide equal access to healthcare services for all residents. The government considers healthcare as a fundamental right, and the public healthcare system plays a pivotal role in ensuring that everyone has access to necessary medical care. Reykanes maintains a universal health care system that is administered by Ministry of Welfare and largely financed by government national health insurance, where 100% of the population is covered by universal health insurance, which is free for children, students, pensioners, people with low income, handicapped people, and church employees and paid for mostly by taxes. A sizeable portion of the government budget is spent on Healthcare, spending 13,1% of the GDP on healthcare. As of 2012, Reykanes had 5.04 doctors per 1,000 people and 17.3 nurses per 1,000 people. Infant mortality is one of the lowest in the world, and the proportion of the population that smokes is lower than the average. The average life expectancy is 81.8 | ||
| + | |||
===Largest cities of Reykanes=== | ===Largest cities of Reykanes=== | ||
{{Largest Cities of Reykanes}} | {{Largest Cities of Reykanes}} | ||
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==Infrastructure== | ==Infrastructure== | ||
===Transportation=== | ===Transportation=== | ||
| − | + | Despite its relatively low population and mountainous terrain, the road infrastructure in Reykanes is moderately well-developed. The region boasts a per capita car ownership rate of approximately 633 vehicles per 1,000 people, one of the highest in the world. Notably, 16% of vehicles in the country are electric cars, showcasing a growing trend towards sustainable transportation. | |
| + | |||
| + | The road system in Reykanes primarily consists of two major highways: [[Þjóðvegur 1]] (Route 1) and [[Þjóðvegur 2]] (Route 2). Route 1 serves as a crucial connection between the three major cities of Hafnir, Laugleós, and Cape Nátfari. On the other hand, Route 2 is a key north-south highway that circumnavigates the island from Cape Nátfari to Hafnir. Additionally, Route 2 connects to a bridge that links one of the islands in the region. These highways not only serve as essential transportation arteries but also attract numerous tourists who wish to explore the breathtaking landscapes of Reykanes. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In addition to private vehicles, buses play a vital role in transportation within Reykanes. Buses serve as a primary mode of public transportation, particularly in areas where rail services are not available. They connect cities, rural areas, and even the most mountainous regions. Short-distance travel within cities is predominantly served by electric buses, while diesel buses are commonly used for longer distances. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Notably, Hafnir enjoys the [[Hafnir Metro]], which stands as the only rapid transit line in the country. This metro system provides efficient transportation within the city, catering to the needs of residents and visitors alike. | ||
| − | + | Reykanes with decent public transportation surrounding the city with highways, existing to connect provinces and cities caused mostly automobile dominated transportation in the earlier days because its extensive railway networks were constructed for the purpose of transporting agriculture and mining. However this trend has been slowly changing. | |
| − | Reykanes | ||
==Culture== | ==Culture== | ||
===Sports=== | ===Sports=== | ||
| − | Reykanes is very mountainous so winter sports like skying, snowboarding | + | Reykanes is very mountainous so winter sports like skying, snowboarding are very popular in general, but team sports like Football and Hyrlîan in second are the most popular national sports. |
{{Reykanes topics}} | {{Reykanes topics}} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:46, 22 February 2024
Republic of Reykanes Repubblica Recania Lýðveldið Reykjanes | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
Motto: For Reykanes and its future | |
Anthem: "For Reykanes is our Pride" | |
 | |
 | |
| Status | |
| Capital | Hafnir(legislative) Höfða Nátfari(executive) |
| Largest | Hafnir |
| Official languages | Reykani Salisfordian |
| Ethnic groups | 88.6% Reykani 10.4% Salisfordian 1% other |
| Religion | Creeperian Catholic |
| Demonym(s) | Reykani |
| Government | Unitary Parliamentary Republic |
• President | Þjóðleifur Eddason |
• Prime Minister | Daría Hlífarsdóttir |
| Legislature | Parliament of Reykanes |
| Establishment | |
• Kingdom of Reykanes | 112 BC |
• Commonwealth of Reykanes | 1328 |
| 1805 | |
• Reykani Socialist Republic | 1949 |
• Republic of Reykanes | 1957 |
| Area | |
• | 5,444,874 km2 (2,102,278 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2021 estimate | 3,569,266 |
• Density | 0.7/km2 (1.8/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | 217,714,518,202₵ |
• Per capita | 60,997₵ |
| HDI | 0.940 very high |
| Currency | Reykani Krabbi (KR) |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +13 |
| Internet TLD | .rey |
Reykanes, officialy known as Republic of Reykanes,(Salisfordian:Repubblica Recania),(Reykani: Reykjanes), is a Nordic island country between the Vernier Ocean and Acernis Ocean on the island called Nurderlia and it's the most sparsely populated country in the Northern hemisphere. It is the Largest island in the world. The capital and largest city is Hafnir. Hafnir and the surrounding areas in the south and South West of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population. Reykanes is a Parliamentary republic which consists of eight regions which is divided into twenty-three municipalities. As of 2020, an estimated 3 million people live in the island nation of Ecros. Nurderlia is semi volcanically and geologically active. In Reykanes the largest volcano is called Hekla but the most active is Katla to this day. The interior consists of a very mountainous regions, and glaciers, and many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Most areas are very isolated, some areas can go for years without any human presence near. Nurderlia is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate in the Southern parts of the island despite a high latitude. Its high latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, and most of the Northern regions have a polar climate and get freezing winters.
The Republic of Reykanes is a member of the TCN, EEFTA, JASAREPA and a observer of the Ostlandet Union. Reykanes has been mostly a very neutral country since the second half of the 20th century until 2022 when neutrality officially ended and politically opened up to the world. Since becoming a republic, Reykanes changed economically, technologically and culturally, Having a high list of Human Development Index and being the second largest by GDP (nominal) per capita and has a score of 7.83 in the Global Democracy Index, defining it as a flawed democracy. Reykanes is the 5th largest country in the world, smaller than Groffenord but bigger than Pavulturilor. The Reykani economy is heavily reliant on fishing industry, pine tree, coal, copper, Raw Aluminium export, iron mining and oil refinery, making it the world's 23rd largest by nominal gross domestic product (GDP) at 217,714,518,202 Credits. Reykanes also performs highly in education, healthcare and life-expectancy. Reykani Labour Party-Independence Party Coalation is in office currently. Elections are held every 6 years.
Due to its location as a island, civilisation started quite later than most countries. Its location would characterize the entire history of Reykanes. Earliest sign of civilisation started in the 2nd century BC. Multiple coastal city states formed. They would eventually unite and form the Kingdom of Reykanes. A volcano eruption would cause the end of the kingdom in 1322 and from the ashes risen the Vilankthian-Tyrnian Reykanes. The country would fight a constant battle with colonisers and the local pirates to keep their independence. The pirates would eventually mostly take over the region for some time until they are kicked out, eventually resulting in a revolt, which established the Reykani Republic. Eventually Salisford takes over with a political trickery. This would be the changing point. The Salisfordian language and culture is forced on the natives. Slowly they would get their independence. A short lived Socialist republic would lead to the transmission between a colony and a independent country. A coup would end it and lead to the country that is alive today.
Contents
- 1 Etymology
- 2 History
- 2.1 the Proto-Reykanes civilization:
- 2.2 The Kingdom of Reykanes
- 2.3 1322: Hekla Erupts
- 2.4 Vilankthian-Tyrnian Reykanes (1328-1514)
- 2.5 Reykani Republic (1514-1780)
- 2.6 Piracy in Reykanes
- 2.7 Salisford in Reykanes
- 2.8 Norse war (1805-1807)
- 2.9 Rise of Socialism and their power(1949-1957)
- 2.10 Coup d'etat and establishment of democracy(1957-)
- 3 Geography
- 4 Government and Politics
- 5 Economy
- 6 Demographics
- 7 Infrastructure
- 8 Culture
Etymology
The name for Reykanes is generally agreed to derive from the Proto-Ecrosian root, meaning "smoking peninsulas",which holds historical and geographical significance. The term refers to the volcanic activity present on the island as well as the unique topographical features characterized by numerous peninsulas. The name has been in use since the island's inception when the country was founded in 112 BC.
History
the Proto-Reykanes civilization:
The first sight of People on the island are the Proto Reykani people in just before prehistoric times when the island was connected to the ancient Ecros by ice in the Ice age. When it ended only a smaller version of the island remained and after a decade ,the Volcanos erupted like Hekla and Katla. However This almost Killed of the inhabitants so as a result the population mainly remained very low thus a prominent ancient civilization never could have started. Archeologists have found evidence that early human living styles continued for quite longer than most most early settlements. Most of the tribes lived in hut villages. Even if they still exercised hunter gatherer lifestyles, they did have a lot of experience in sailing, having quite advanced sail boats to their time. It was in the 2nd century BC when the first major settlements were created. It is then the first settlements were created. Fishing dominated villages on the North and agricultural villages on the south. These soon turned in to City States with their own laws and leaders. The old lifestyle swiftly disappeared. This was a major change in Reykani History. Lots of trade routes were established between the City States, mainly trading fish and wheat among each other. Some City States even established trade between Ecros and Nurderlia. However wars and alliances were made between these City States as well. Hafnir the currently capital was established in 114 BC. The Kingdom of Reykanes was formed in 112 BC under King Nátfari which existed till 1322. In 97 BC explorer Garðar Svavarsson sailed around the land piece Confirming it was a island. Norse mythology was dominant at the time. This was the first aspects of religion in Reykanes till Christianity was brought in.
The Kingdom of Reykanes
King Nátfarri (112 BC-88 BC) is the first king of Reykanes. He also started diplomacy with the other Northern kingdoms and started trade with them. Biggest trade was the Cod farms which had the most jobs and food and in return we got to learn new things. Reykanes started trading by nearby nations that resulted in being put on the map and being used as a halfway resting point between Ecros and Ostlandet. Kingdom of Reykanes was a kingdom from 112 BC till 1322.
1322: Hekla Erupts
This was the worst volcano eruption in Reykani history. Hekla erupted in 1322 and destroyed most towns near it, the biggest was the town called Hoffner, which was the nearest populated settlement near Hekla since the farm lands were plentiful due to volcanic activity. The ruins of Hoffner can be visited today. The king called Skapti was visiting the volcano in hope seeing beautiful volcanic activity but he lost his life there. He died with another estimated 1.5 thousand people.(at that time it was estimated that the total population was 113.4 thousand). He died without a son nor any other family member who was present in Reykanes thus ending Sigfússon Monarchy. Due to no succession the kingdom fell apart and it was divided in to 3 noble estates.
Vilankthian-Tyrnian Reykanes (1328-1514)
King Skapti died in 1322 with no heir. His death created an opportunity for about a dozen lords, or "oligarchs",often called "Little Kings", who had by that time achieved de facto independence of the monarch to strengthen their autonomy. They acquired all royal castles in a number of counties where everybody was obliged either to accept their supremacy or to leave. However most of those "Little Kings" would be under 3 different families by 1324. The first significant Paleocacherian influence in Reykanes began in 1301 when TBD, a member of the House of Vilankthian-Tyrne, married Jón Loftsson. Viceroy Snorri Sturluson invited Jón Loftsson to claim the throne in 1324 but he was met with opposition. This lead to the War of the Reykani Succession, which Jón Loftsson promptly won. As he was apart of the House of Vilankthian-Tyrne, Reykanes was under the realm of Paleocacher.
Reykani Republic (1514-1780)
Piracy in Reykanes
The Age of Piracy is a common designation for the period between 20 BC and the 1600s, when maritime piracy was a significant factor in the histories of Reykanes and Ecros. The start of the era of piracy is commonly associated to the War of the Aegir. First major war of pillaging. However the prime of piracy didn't arrive till the 1400s. Reykani pirates were called as "Vikings" by many and they frequently pillaged and raided the coasts of Ecros. Piracy was a big problem and conflict between the Commonwealth of Reykanes and pirates were common and a couple of times it brought others in. Pirates were often former sailors experienced in naval warfare. Even multiple Pirate Republics were formed which would change the political climate of Reykanes.
Salisford in Reykanes
Following the decline of the pirate era in Reykanes, the kingdom of Salisford saw an opportunity to expand its influence and exploit the resources of the weakened island. Salisford sought to establish colonies overseas, envisioning these settlements as sources of valuable materials, including metals that could be traded with other nations. Acquiring Reykanes would provide Salisford with a strategic foothold in the northern region of Ecros.
Despite the defeat of the pirates, small communities still existed sporadically throughout Reykanes. Salisford seized this chance and enlisted the notorious pirate Ástþór Vífilsson to lead a coup and assume leadership over the island. Ástþór Vífilsson was provided with various resources and manpower to aid his cause.
In early March of 1781, Ástþór Vífilsson successfully orchestrated the coup, effectively taking control of Reykanes. Salisford dispatched advisors and nobles to assist in the governance and development of the newly established territory. However, Ástþór Vífilsson's reign was short-lived, as he was betrayed and killed in December of the same year, allowing Salisford to fully assert its control and establish Reykanes as a colony.
In 1781, Salisford officially created the Grand Duchy of Reykanes, which endured as a colonial entity until 1949. Throughout its existence, the Grand Duchy served as a valuable outpost for Salisford, enabling the extraction of resources and the expansion of their influence in the region.
Norse war (1805-1807)
In the 1800s, a culmination of tensions between rural descendants of Reykanes, known collectively as Reykaniese, and the Salisfordian Empire started, as a result a large amount of people started to leave the country. The process was called the frábær ferð meaning the Great trip, seeking to live beyond the Salisfordian colonial administration. Many felt suppressed since they couldn't practise their culture . At the end of 1803 a couple of Norse republics were made. Nationalism in that era was strong. When the colony of Reykanes discovered the Republics, their reaction weren't positive. In 1804 The 3 Norse republics splitted the northern lands between them before the colony took the last areas. The war started when the Grand Duchy annexed the Ylfings and entered its territory, taking it over and started the war. Reykanes did not recognise any of the republics. The present day border would be established after this war
Rise of Socialism and their power(1949-1957)
The Reykani Revolution of 1949 was an ideological and political revolution that occurred in the Grand Duchy of Reykanes in 1949 by the Reykani resistance movements. The uprising was initiated by the communist party, however smaller factions like the Democratic and Fascist parties took part on a limited scale, but the fascists did proclaim short lived country but the communists took it over. Most of other parties demanded an election, to decide who rules the country. Elections were held in February 1949. Some Socialist parties united to create the Communist Party of Reykanes or KFR, which consolidated its power in the interim using salami tactics. Communist-led political intrigues had deprived their opposition, as numerous prominent anti-Communists were removed from the election on charges of conspiracy as apart of the red terror that started in January.
Coup d'etat and establishment of democracy(1957-)
The year 1957 witnessed a significant transformation in Reykanes, beginning with student protests that eventually escalated into a full-fledged coup d'état against the government. A growing number of people expressed their desire to end the communist rule that had prevailed in the nation. Seizing the opportunity, military general Bjarni Herjólfsson covertly organized a group to challenge the incumbent leader, Brynjólfur Bjarnason, whose policies had sparked dissent in the country.
As the protests gained momentum, General Bjarni Herjólfsson capitalized on the unrest, leveraging his connections to mobilize the military against Brynjólfur Bjarnason. Some street skirmishes occurred in Hafnir, but the confrontation swiftly subsided when Brynjólfur Bjarnason was apprehended. General Bjarni Herjólfsson with the help from other party members proceeded to rewrite the constitution and reinstated regular elections, transforming his country into the Democracy that exists today.
Soon after, the newly established nation found itself embroiled in the Ajaki-Reykani War, facing a formidable challenge from Ajaki forces. With external assistance, Reykanes managed to secure victory in the conflict. However, the military sustained significant damage, leading to a drastic reduction in its size. Consequently, the decision was made to disband the military and transfer its responsibilities to the police force. For a period of three years, Reykanes operated without an active military presence.
Following the stabilization of the economy, the military was reestablished in 1963. Efforts were undertaken to rebuild the armed forces, revitalizing their capabilities and size. In response to the devastating consequences of the Ajaki-Reykani War, a neutrality act was signed and passed in 1968. This act aimed to assert Reykanes' commitment to neutrality, seeking to avoid entanglement in future conflicts and mitigate the potential for extensive damage and casualties.
The events of 1957, including the transition from student protests to a coup d'état, the Ajaki-Reykani War, and subsequent military restructuring, played a significant role in shaping the political landscape and military policies of Reykanes. These transformative experiences continue to impact the nation's governance, defense strategies, and commitment to neutrality.
Geography
Reykanes is located on Nurderlia. The Island is classed as apart of Ecros.It is Located from 50° to 80° to north. Nurderlia is volcanically and geologically active. in Reykanes the largest and tallest mountain is called Hekla volcano being 2,185 meters high and lowest point being 0 meters at sea level. The largest body of fresh water is Lake Askja and the largest river is the Norðurá. Reykanes in General is very mountainous because of its volcanic history. The Island is surrounded by many islands apart of the chain. Most of the coast is rocky. The rugged coastline is broken by huge fjords and thousands of islands.
- Photo gallery
Below Sea Level 1-999ft 1,000-1,999ft 3,000-4,999ft 5,000-9,999ft 10,000-19,999ft 20,000+ft
Glaciers
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Climate
Reykanes is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate. Reykanes in general is a very cold place and has frequent snow. Summers are chilly. In the North of the island Tundra can be experienced. The Warmest weather can be experienced in the deep south of the island, mainly like Cape Nátfari. Average winter and summer high temperatures across Reykanes vary from region to region. Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior, where daily average temperatures are near −15 °C (5 °F), but can drop below −40 °C (−40 °F) with severe wind chills. In non-coastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round. Coastal regions have a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s °C (70s °F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30 °C (77 to 86 °F), with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding 40 °C (104 °F).
Biodiversity
Government and Politics
Reykanes has been a unitary, parliamentary republic since the ratification of the Constitution of 1957. The Reykani political system uses a constitutional document that was ratified in 1957 and is the fundamental law of Reykanes. Amendments generally require a two-thirds majority of parliament; the fundamental principles of the constitution (as expressed in the articles guaranteeing human dignity, the separation of powers, the state structure, and the rule of law) are valid in perpetuity. 79 Members of Parliament are elected to the highest organ of state authority, the unicameral Alþingi or Parlamento Recano, every six years in a single-round first-past-the-post election with an election threshold of 1,3%.
The President of Reykanes (Forseti Reykjanes) serves as the head of state and is elected by the National Assembly every five years and can be appointed twice. The president is invested primarily with representative responsibilities and powers: receiving foreign heads of state, formally nominating the prime minister at the recommendation of the National Assembly, and serving as commander-in-chief of the Reykani Defence forces in peace time, the president is also invested with veto power.
The prime minister (Forsætisráðherra Reykjanes) is elected by the National Assembly, serving as the head of government and exercising executive power. Traditionally, the prime minister is the leader of the largest party in parliament. The prime minister selects Cabinet ministers and has the exclusive right to dismiss them, although cabinet nominees must appear before consultative open hearings before one or more parliamentary committees, survive a vote in the National Assembly, and be formally approved by the president. The Cabinet reports to Parliament.
Speaker of the National Assembly, the third most significant governmental position in Reykanes who is elected by the National Assembly and responsible for overseeing the daily sessions of the body. The speaker also serves as acting President of Hungary if the elected president vacates the office before the expiration of the 5-year presidential term due to death, resignation or removal from office.
Current Structure of the National Assembly of Reykanes Alþingi Parlamento Recano | |
|---|---|
| Structure | |
| Seats | 79 |
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Political groups |
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Political groups |
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Foreign relations
Reykanes who is a member of the TCN, EEFTA, JASAREPA and a observer of the Ostlandet Union, maintains diplomatic and commercial relations with practically all nations. Throughout the modern history, Reykani foreign policy was based on the principle of non-alignment in peacetime and neutrality in wartime. Reykanes's government pursued an independent course of nonalignment in times of peace so that neutrality would be possible in the event of war. Reykanes political relations remained moderate till March of 2022, when the Neutrality treaty was disbanded, which opened Reykanes for a bigger political stance in the world stage, however the policy for peace remains.
Military
The militay consists of a small but moderately modern army. It is consisted of three branches. The Reykani Armed Forces, Reykani Navy and the Reykani Air Force. 0.9% of Reykanes's GDP is dedicated for the army. As of September 2022 the Armed forces has a strength of 4500 active soldiers within the Reykani Defence, the Airforce 1050 and the Navy 2,280 making it the worlds smallest active standing military.
Regions of Reykanes
The regions of Reykanes are eight areas of Reykanes that roughly follow the arrangement of parliamentary constituencies as they were between 1984 and 2003. These regions are not incorporated polities but rather recognized groupings of municipalities. Reykanes only has two levels of administration, the national government and 23 municipalities. The municipalities have organized themselves into eight regional associations and those boundaries are also recognized by Statistics Reykanes to report statistics. Since 2014, police and commissioner (sýslumaður) districts have followed the eight region model. The divisions of Reykanes for the purposes of health care and district courts diverge more from the commonly used eight region model. The regions also serve as their leagues Football in Reykanes
Overview
| No. | English name | Native name | Salisfordian name | Population
(2021)
|
Area(km²) | Population density (per km²) | ISO 3166-2 | Number of municipalities | Largest town |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Capital Region | Höfuðborgarsvæðið | Regione Capitale | 387,456 | IS-1 | 1 | Hafnir | ||
| 2 | western Region | Vesturhérað | Regione occidentale | 879,242 | IS-2 | 6 | [[]] | ||
| 3 | Northwestern Region | Norðurland vestra | Regione nord-ovest | 223,615 | 1.76 | 3 | Húsaholt | ||
| 4 | Northern region | Norðurhérað | Regione nord | 117,066 | IS-2 | 2 | [[]] | ||
| 5 | Eastern Region | Austurland | Regione est | 538,267 | IS-5 | 2 | Port Sturla | ||
| 6 | Southern Region | Suðurland | Regione sud | 1,205,613 | IS-6 | 7 | Leoburg | ||
| 7 | South West Region | Suðvesturhérað | Regione sud-ovest | 57,693 | IS-7 | 1 | [[]] | ||
| 8 | Southern Capital Region | Suður höfuðborgarsvæðið | Regione sud capitale | 80,157 | IS-8 | 1 | Cape Nátfari | ||
| Reykanes | Reykjanes | Recania | 3,569,266 | 4 | IS | 23 | Hafnir |
municipalities of Reykanes
| # | Flag | Department | Capital | Largest City | Area (mi2) | Population (2018) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  |
Hafnir | Hafnir | ? | ||
| 2 |  |
Cape Nátfari | Cape Nátfari | ? | ||
| 3 |  |
Quarry | [[]] | ? | ||
| 4 |  |
Vesturhöfði | [[]] | ? | ||
| 5 |  |
Norðurhöfði | [[]] | ? | ||
| 6 |  |
Kjósarhreppur | [[]] | ? | ||
| 7 |  |
Hekla | [[]] | ? | ||
| 8 |  |
Árneshreppur | [[]] | ? | ||
| 9 |  |
Seltjarnarnes | [[]] | ? | ||
| 10 |  |
Kópavogur | [[]] | ? | ||
| 11 |  |
Faxaflói | [[]] | ? | ||
| 12 |  |
Snæfellsnes | [[]] | ? | ||
| 13 |  |
Borgarfjörður | [[]] | ? | ||
| 14 |  |
suðurhluta Cordilleran eldfjallahéraðsins | [[]] | ? | ||
| 15 | Hafnarfjörður | [[]] | ? | |||
| 16 | Möðrudalur | [[]] | ? | |||
| 17 | Skutustadhir | [[]] | ? | |||
| 18 |  |
Laugar og Hvallátor | [[]] | ? | ||
| 19 | Fimmvörduháls | [[]] | ? | |||
| 20 | Thórsmörk | [[]] | ? | |||
| 21 | Markarfljót | [[]] | ? | |||
| 22 | Tindfjallajökull | [[]] | ? | |||
| 23 | Eyjafjallajökull | [[]] | ? | |||
Economy
Demographics
Education
Health
In Reykanes almost all hospitals are government-funded and private hospitals barely exist because the healthcare system is primarily based on a public model and Reykanes operates under a universal healthcare system, which aims to provide equal access to healthcare services for all residents. The government considers healthcare as a fundamental right, and the public healthcare system plays a pivotal role in ensuring that everyone has access to necessary medical care. Reykanes maintains a universal health care system that is administered by Ministry of Welfare and largely financed by government national health insurance, where 100% of the population is covered by universal health insurance, which is free for children, students, pensioners, people with low income, handicapped people, and church employees and paid for mostly by taxes. A sizeable portion of the government budget is spent on Healthcare, spending 13,1% of the GDP on healthcare. As of 2012, Reykanes had 5.04 doctors per 1,000 people and 17.3 nurses per 1,000 people. Infant mortality is one of the lowest in the world, and the proportion of the population that smokes is lower than the average. The average life expectancy is 81.8
Largest cities of Reykanes
| Rank | Municipalities | Pop. | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Hafnir |
1 | Hafnir | Hafnir | 387,456 | |||||
| 2 | Cape Nátfari | Cape Nátfari | 80,157 | ||||||
| 3 | Laugleós | Norðurhöfði | 51,907 | ||||||
| 4 | kaupmannahöfn | Vesturhöfði | 49,291 | ||||||
| 5 | Port Sturla | Natal | 41,082 | ||||||
| 6 | Höfn | Kvuarry | 40,748 | ||||||
| 7 | fálki | Vesturhöfði | 38,108 | ||||||
| 8 | Ingólfr | Skutustadhir | 35,028 | ||||||
| 9 | Vallanes | Borgarfjörður | 33,684 | ||||||
| 10 | Nýjasavotta | Faxaflói | 30,273 | ||||||
Ethnicity
Infrastructure
Transportation
Despite its relatively low population and mountainous terrain, the road infrastructure in Reykanes is moderately well-developed. The region boasts a per capita car ownership rate of approximately 633 vehicles per 1,000 people, one of the highest in the world. Notably, 16% of vehicles in the country are electric cars, showcasing a growing trend towards sustainable transportation.
The road system in Reykanes primarily consists of two major highways: Þjóðvegur 1 (Route 1) and Þjóðvegur 2 (Route 2). Route 1 serves as a crucial connection between the three major cities of Hafnir, Laugleós, and Cape Nátfari. On the other hand, Route 2 is a key north-south highway that circumnavigates the island from Cape Nátfari to Hafnir. Additionally, Route 2 connects to a bridge that links one of the islands in the region. These highways not only serve as essential transportation arteries but also attract numerous tourists who wish to explore the breathtaking landscapes of Reykanes.
In addition to private vehicles, buses play a vital role in transportation within Reykanes. Buses serve as a primary mode of public transportation, particularly in areas where rail services are not available. They connect cities, rural areas, and even the most mountainous regions. Short-distance travel within cities is predominantly served by electric buses, while diesel buses are commonly used for longer distances.
Notably, Hafnir enjoys the Hafnir Metro, which stands as the only rapid transit line in the country. This metro system provides efficient transportation within the city, catering to the needs of residents and visitors alike.
Reykanes with decent public transportation surrounding the city with highways, existing to connect provinces and cities caused mostly automobile dominated transportation in the earlier days because its extensive railway networks were constructed for the purpose of transporting agriculture and mining. However this trend has been slowly changing.
Culture
Sports
Reykanes is very mountainous so winter sports like skying, snowboarding are very popular in general, but team sports like Football and Hyrlîan in second are the most popular national sports.
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