Difference between revisions of "List of prime ministers of Monsilva"
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Latest revision as of 07:01, 23 April 2024
The Prime Minister of Monsilva is the head of government of the Monsilvan Republic, and the head of the Cabinet of Monsilva. The prime minister had been referred to as "首相" (Shǒuxiàng) during the Kingdom of Monsilva, as although in Jackian it is translated as "prime minister", shǒuxiàng specifically refers to a prime minister under a monarchy. After the establishment of the republic in 1978, the prime minister became "总理" (Zǒnglǐ) which is reserved for parliamentary republics. From December 1978 to September 1980, the prime minister was merged into the newly established role of president. This was reversed with the election of Hsu Xue-zhou as prime minister.
Some historians consider the Head of the Deliberative Council of Great Shan to be the first prime ministerial role, however others have argued that cannot be included, as although the Head of the Deliberative Council was de facto the head of government, the monarch was de jure an absolute monarch, who could still override any decisions made by the council. If the Head of the Deliberative Council was to be included as prime ministers, then the first prime minister of Monsilva would have been Chan Chuang who was the founder of the Kingdom of Great Shan along with the Shunsi Emperor. Excluding the Deliberative Council, the first Monsilvan prime minister was Chai Lin, who was in office for fifteen years from 1830 to 1845 and was the first person to use the title of "Prime minister".
The longest serving Monsilvan prime minister was Heng Lei who served as prime minister for twenty years from 1933 to 1953. The shortest serving prime minister is Kong Tsai who served for six months from August 1999 to March 2000. Kong became prime minister after the temporary absence of Suen Shi-huang who fell ill in late July 1999. He served until Suen returned to his role in March 2000 and dismissed Kong after the Presidential Veto Act 2000 incident. Suen is also the longest serving prime minister after the establishment of the republic and the only prime minister to have a split term.
Four prime ministers have died in office, two of these deaths being assassinations. Gao Aiguo of the Leaders of Parliament Party was assassinated in March 1882, while twenty years later Lo Zhou of the People's Culture Party died of pneumonia in December 1902. In April 1933, Su Zian passed away, but he did manage to call an election on his death bed. This lead to a month where the office of prime minister was vacant until the 1933 general election in May. Much later in 1962, Liang Huiqing was assassinated in May 1962 which was part of a series of events which lead to the authoritarian rule of prime minister Shao Yaoting, who succeeded Liang and served for sixteen years with no fair elections.
The incumbent prime minister is Lin Yao-tang, who has served since June 2023.
Contents
Before the Kingdom of Monsilva
Before the establishment of the Kingdom of Monsilva in 1830 after the Monsilvan Civil War, the Deliberative Council of Great Shan was led by the Head of the Deliberative Council (HDC). The HDC was de facto the head of government of the Kingdom of Great Shan, however the HDC as well as the entire council were unelected and instead appointed by the emperor who served as the de jure head of government and head of state.
Some historians still consider the Head of the Deliberative Council to be a sort of 'prime minister'. The first HDC was Chan Chuang, who served from 1732 to 1738 after serving as the only Head of the Provisional Zhou government from 1730 to 1732 after the Great Shan gained independence from the Empire of Baltanla. Chan was succeed by his son Chan Pan who served for nine years.
Since 1830
For most historians and the according to the Monsilvan government, Chai Lin, who founded the Kingdom of Monsilva, was Monsilva's first prime minister. He was also the first person to use the title of 'prime minister' (首相). When counting the number of prime ministers of Monsilva, Chai Lin is considered the first prime minister. Lin Yao-tang is the twenty-third and incumbent prime minister of Monsilva.
Prime ministers 1830–1978
Portrait | Prime minister (Lifespan) |
Term of office | Mandate[1] | Party | Monarch Reign | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Start | End | Duration | ||||||
| Chai Lin (1784–1852) |
August 1830 |
February 1845 |
14 years, 185 days | — | People's Culture Party | Song Emperor r. 1830–1898 | |
1835 | ||||||||
1840 | ||||||||
Hao Wenyan (1792–1863) |
February 1845 |
August 1855 |
10 years, 182 days | 1845 | ||||
1850 | ||||||||
| Cheng Li (1790–1869) |
August 1855 |
June 1857 |
1 year, 305 days | 1855 | Leaders of Parliament Party | ||
| Deng Yahui (1804–1870) |
June 1857 |
March 1868 |
10 years, 275 days | 1857 | People's Culture Party | ||
1863 | ||||||||
Qin Zian (1811–1880) |
March 1868 |
July 1875 |
7 years, 123 days | 1868 | ||||
1873 | ||||||||
| Gao Aiguo (1826–1882) |
July 1875 |
March 1882[2] |
6 years, 244 days | 1875 | Leaders of Parliament Party | ||
1880 | ||||||||
Wu Zhong (1824–1897) |
March 1882 |
September 1895 |
13 years, 185 days | — | ||||
(1885) | ||||||||
1890 | ||||||||
| Lo Zhou (1854–1902) |
September 1895 |
December 1902[3] |
7 years, 92 days | 1895 | People's Culture Party | ||
1899 | Qing Emperor r. 1898–1943 | |||||||
1902
| ||||||||
An Tian (1839–1922) |
December 1902 |
July 1908 |
5 years, 214 days | — | ||||
| Zhong Wei (1854–1924) |
July 1908 |
September 1913 |
5 years, 63 days | 1908 | Leaders of Parliament Party | ||
(May 1913) | ||||||||
| Mao Yanlin (1856–1953) |
September 1913 |
July 1928 |
14 years, 305 days | September 1913 | National Party | ||
1918 | ||||||||
1923 | ||||||||
Su Zian (1880–1933) |
July 1928 |
April 1933 |
4 years, 275 days | 1928 | ||||
Heng Lei (1882–1963) |
May 1933[4] |
October 1953 |
20 years, 154 days | (1933) | ||||
1938 | ||||||||
1943 | ||||||||
(1948) | Wang Emperor r. 1943–1978 | |||||||
| Liang Huiqing (1897–1962) |
October 1953 |
May 1962[5] |
8 years, 213 days | 1953 | Leaders of Parliament Party | ||
1958 | ||||||||
Shao Yaoting (1903–1984) |
May 1962 |
December 1978[6] |
16 years, 215 days | — | ||||
1963 | ||||||||
1968 | ||||||||
1970 | ||||||||
1975 |
Prime ministers since 1978
Portrait | Prime minister (Lifespan) |
Term of office | Mandate[1] | Party | Ministry | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Start | End | Duration | ||||||
| Xu Zhou-da[7] (1910–1997) |
December 1978 |
September 1980 |
1 year, 276 days | — | Reformed National Party | Provisional | |
Hsu Xue-zhou (1915–2012) |
September 1980 |
September 1992 |
12 years, 1 day | 1980 | Hsu I | |||
1984 | Hsu II | |||||||
1988 | Hsu III | |||||||
Qi Hu (1932–2023) |
September 1992 |
September 1996 |
4 years, 1 day | 1992 | Qi | |||
| Suen Shi-huang (b. 1946) |
September 1996 |
August 1999[8] |
2 years, 335 days | (1996) | Freedom and Democracy Party | Suen—Kong (FDP—Lib) | |
| Kong Tsai (1933–2021) |
August 1999 |
March 2000[9] |
214 days | (—) | Liberal Party | ||
| Suen Shi-huang (b. 1946) |
March 2000 |
September 2012 |
12 years, 185 days | 2000 | Freedom and Democracy Party | Suen I | |
2004 | Suen II | |||||||
2008 | Suen III | |||||||
Lee Su (b. 1952) |
September 2012 |
September 2016 |
4 years, 1 day | 2012 | Lee | |||
| Xu Yan (b. 1972) |
September 2016 |
June 2023 |
7 years, 266 days | 2016 | Reformed National Party | Xu I | |
2020 | Xu II | |||||||
| Lin Yao-tang (b. 1965) |
June 2023 |
Incumbent | 339 days | 2023 | Freedom and Democracy Party | Lin (Democratic Coalition) |
List notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Legend for the Mandate column:
- 1722a year
- indicates a general election won by the government or that led to the formation of a government (the year links to the election's article);
- (1830)a parenthesised year
- indicates an election resulting in no single party winning a Legislative or Parliament majority (the year links to the election's article);
- —a dash
- indicates the formation of a majority government without an election;
- (—)a parenthesised dash
- indicates the formation of a minority or coalition government during a hung parliament.
- ↑ Assassinated in office
- ↑ Died in office
- ↑ The position of prime minister was vacant between April 1933 and May 1933 during the 1933 election
- ↑ Assassinated in office
- ↑ Arrested in office
- ↑ During this period, Xu served under the title of President, but had the roles of both Prime minister and President
- ↑ Temporarily resigned due to illness
- ↑ Dismissed after the return of Suen Shi-huang