Revision as of 06:29, 25 July 2023

Majocco officially the The Freelands of Majocco and Majorca (Arabic: الأراضي الحرة في ماجوكو ومايوركا | Quebecshirite: Terres libres de Majocco et Majorque), is a landlocked country located in Ecros. It shares borders with Eastavera to the south, Desheria to the west, while Montesayette lies to the east and Askanelle borders to the north. The country consists of eight provinces and four directly administered municipalities. Majocco's official languages are Quebecshirite, Quebecshirite Sign Language, Arabic and Jackian. Majorcani and Nfifkhi serve as secondary official languages in Majorca.

The most populous and important cities in Majocco are Majorca, Arabat, Nififkhi, and Darrabida. Majorca is the country's capital and the biggest city by population and area. It forms the Greater Majorcan Area with Nififkhi, which is where 32 percent of Majocco's people live. The Greater Majorcan Area is also an important center for international cooperation, as it hosts the offices of some intergovernmental organizations that Majocco associates to, like the Alliance of Central Ecrosian States and the Terraconserva Council of Nations.

Majocco has a Representative Democratic Republic. It has a bicameral parliament that follows the Washington model. Its legal system combines civil law and public law. Majocco is a multi-party democracy with free elections, however, the Liberal Party (MLP), has a strong hold on politics and society. The Majoccan Centrist Party used to rule since Majocco became fully self-governing in 1911, but it lost its majority in the 2023 Majoccan General Elections, when it only won 98 out of 582 seats in the Congressional Assembly. The MLP now has 381 seats in parliament, which makes it the most powerful party in the Congressional Assembly.

History

Pre-Historic Era (1,000,000 - 200 BCE)

Archaeological excavations have demonstrated the presence of people in Majocco that were ancestral to Homo sapiens, as well as the presence of early human species. The fossilized bones of a 400,000-year-old early human ancestor were discovered in Salé in 1971. The bones of several very early Homo sapiens were excavated at Jebel Irhoud in 1991, these were dated using modern techniques in 2017 and found to be at least 300,000 years old, making them the oldest examples of Homo sapiens discovered anywhere in the world. In 2007, small perforated seashell beads were discovered in Taforalt that are 82,000 years old, making them the earliest known evidence of personal adornment found anywhere in the world.

In Mesolithic times, between 20,000 and 5000 years ago, the geography of Majocco resembled a savanna more than the present arid landscape. While little is known of settlements in Majocco during that period, excavations elsewhere in the Maghreb region have suggested an abundance of game and forests that would have been hospitable to Mesolithic hunters and gatherers, such as those of the Capsian culture.

During the Neolithic period, which followed the Mesolithic, the savanna was occupied by hunters and herders. The culture of these Neolithic hunters and herders flourished until the region began to desiccate after 5000 BCE as a result of climatic changes. The coastal regions of present-day Majocco in the early Neolithic shared in the Cardium pottery culture that was common to the entire Mediterranean region. Archaeological excavations have suggested that the domestication of cattle and the cultivation of crops both occurred in the region during that period. In the Chalcolithic period, or the copper age, the Beaker culture reached the north coast of Majocco.

Romanyan Era (200-1 BCE)

Mauretania was an autonomous province in the Romanyanyan Empire, after the for sought exodus of the empire, a New Berber kingdom has been established, most of the berbers have migrated towards the Majorcan Steppe, corresponding to northern modern-day Majocco from about the 3rd century BCE. The earliest known king of Mauretania was Bocchus I, who ruled from 110 BCE to 81 BCE. Some of its earliest recorded history relates to Penthian settlements such as Lixus and Chellah. The Berber kings ruled inland territories overshadowing the coastal outposts of Penthians and The Romanyans, often as satellites, allowing Romanyan rule to exist. It became a client of the Romanyan empire in 33 BCE, then a full province after Emperor Caligula had the last king, Ptolemy of Mauretania, executed (39 CE or 40).

The Romanyans controlled the vast, ill-defined territory through alliances with the tribes rather than through military occupation, expanding its authority only to those areas that were economically useful or that could be defended without additional manpower. Hence, Romanyan administration never extended outside the restricted area of the northern coastal plain and valleys. This strategic region formed part of the Romanyan Empire, governed as Mauretania Tingitana, with the city of Volubilis as its capital. During the time of the Romanyan emperor Augustus, Mauretania was a vassal state, and its rulers, such as Juba II, controlled all the areas south of Volubilis. But the effective control of Romanyan legionaries reached as far as the area of Sala Colonia. Some historians believe the Romanyan frontier reached present-day Darrabida, known then as Anfa, which had been settled by the Romanyans as a trading post.

During the reign of Juba II, the Augustus founded three colonies, with Romanyan citizens, in Mauretania: Iulia Constantia Zilil, Iulia Valentia Banasa, and Iulia Campestris Babba. Augustus would eventually find twelve colonies in the region. During that period, the area controlled by The Romanyans experienced significant economic development, aided by the construction of Romanyan roads. The area was initially not completely under the control of The Romanyans, and only in the mid-1st century BCE was a lime built south of Sala extending to Volubilis. Around 78 BCE the Romanyans moved their regional capital to Nfifkhi and Volubilis started to lose importance.

Christianity was introduced to the region in the 2nd century CE and gained converts in the towns and among slaves as well as among Berber farmers. By the end of the 4th century, the Romanyanised areas had been Christianised, and inroads had been made among the Berber tribes, who sometimes converted en masse. Schismatic and heretical movements also developed, usually as forms of political protest. The area had a substantial Jewish population as well.

Early History (0-800 CE)

The Start of Civilization (0-200 CE)

The Majoccani people are one of the oldest ethnic groups in the world, whose origins can be traced back to the ancient Romanyan Empire. The Romanyan Empire was a powerful civilization that conquered many lands and peoples in Ecros. In 56 AD, the Romanyan Emperor sent an expedition to explore and colonize the region of what was known as Mauritania, which is located in the south of Ecros. The expedition was led by Suetonius Paulinus, a renowned general and governor. The Romanyan settlers encountered a harsh and dry climate, with mountains and deserts.

They had to adapt to the new environment and learn from the local tribes, who were mostly nomadic and pastoral. The Romanyan settlers established small villages along the rivers and oases, where they cultivated crops such as wheat, barley, grapes and olives. They also raised animals such as sheep, goats, cattle and horses. They built irrigation systems to channel water from the mountains to the fields. They also constructed roads, bridges, aqueducts and fortifications to connect and protect their settlements. The Romanyan settlers brought with them their culture, religion and language, which influenced the local tribes.

However, over time, the Majoccani people also developed their own distinctive culture and language, which diverged from the Romanyan language. The Majoccani language is a member of the Neo-surian language family, which includes languages such as Arabic, Hebrew and Berber. The Majoccani language has many unique features, such as a complex verb system, a rich vocabulary and a poetic style. The Majoccani people also have their own traditions, customs and beliefs, which reflect their history and environment. For example, they have a strong sense of hospitality, honor and loyalty. They also have a deep respect for nature and their ancestors. They celebrate various festivals throughout the year, such as the harvest festival, the spring festival and the new year festival. The Majoccani people are known for their arts and crafts, such as pottery, weaving, embroidery and jewelry making. They are also famous for their music and dance, which are lively and expressive (Majoccani Throat Singing).

Founding of Majocco (200-500 CE)

In 255 AD, the Romanyan Empire faced a series of crises that weakened its authority and stability. The province of Mauritania was one of the first to rebel against the Romanyan rule and declare its independence. The leader of the rebellion was Jibril II, a descendant of the ancient kings of Romanyians. Jibril II proclaimed himself as the king of Mauritani and established his capital at Volubilis (Modern Day Terranihillia). He tried to unify the various tribes and peoples under his rule and create a prosperous and independent kingdom. However, his efforts were met with resistance from some factions who opposed his authority or had different interests.

One of these factions was led by Syphaxi, a powerful chieftain who controlled the eastern part of Mauritania. Syphax allied himself with Majorca, a neighboring tribal state that was also part of the Romanyan Empire. Syphax and Majorca launched a war against Jibril II and his allies in 260 AD. The war lasted for several years and resulted in the division of Mauritania into two rival states: Majocco and Majorca. Majocco was ruled by Jibril II's son Patrini III, who inherited his father's throne and continued his legacy. Majorca was ruled by Syphaxi's son Massarina II, who claimed to be the rightful heir of Namidia. The two states were often in conflict with each other over territory, resources and influence. The Majoccani people have been living in Majocco ever since, preserving their unique identity and heritage.

Founding of Majorca (500-600 CE)

The Maji desher tribe was formed in 524 from a split among the Desherian clans over religious and social issues that had been brewing for decades. The Desherian clans were a group of argicultural tribes that roamed the vast plains of modern day desheria, following the seasons and the herds of animals. They shared a common ancestry, language, and religion, but they were also divided by rivalries, conflicts, and ambitions. The Desher religion was based on the worship of the sun, the moon, and the stars, as well as the spirits of the land, the animals, and the ancestors. The Desherian politics was based on the rule of the strongest, the wisest, and the most respected among the clan leaders, who formed a council that decided on matters of war and peace, trade and alliance, law and justice.

The Maji tribe was one of the largest and most secretive chiefdoms among the desher kin, preferring to live in harmony with nature and to shun the wars and traditions of their ancestors. They had a different view of the world and their place in it. They did not worship the sun, the moon, and the stars, but saw them as signs and symbols. They did not fear or appease the spirits of the land, the animals, and the ancestors, but respected and learned from them. They did not follow the rule of the strongest, the wisest, and the most respected, but sought a balance between power and compassion, reason and intuition, order and freedom. They also had a curiosity and a thirst for knowledge that drove them to explore new lands and new ideas.

In 535, they followed Brizmone the explorer, a visionary leader who dreamed of finding new lands beyond the mountains that bordered the eastern plains. He led a large expedition of Maji scoutsmen and settlers to the eastern territories, where they encountered a lush mountains, Jabal, further expeditions have found the Majorcan steppe, cold and dry, desolate, and bare. They mostly built in the mountains, using clay and wood instead of leather and fur. They cultivated new crops there, such as wheat and barley instead of millet and sorghum. They domesticated new animals there, such as camels and goats instead of horses and sheep. They prospered in the fertile soil and abundant resources of the plateau, and developed their own culture and identity.

They also made contact with Majorca, who at the time where a state, a civilisation more socially developed than the Maji Tribe, With this the chiefdom has learnt new cultural ideas and political revolutions dor the nation, but due to this they cut off all contact with the other Desher tribes, as well as the Khui khanate, and isolated themselves in their eastern lands. They did not want to have anything to do with the outside world, which they saw as a source of trouble and danger. They wanted to preserve their freedom, their peace, their wisdom, and their secrets.

They changed the Desherian script and tongue to suit their own tastes, creating a unique writing system and language that only they could understand. They also adopted new customs and beliefs that differed from their desher roots, and slowly forgot their origin and history. They became a mysterious and elusive people, who rarely showed themselves to strangers, and who guarded their lands with strategy and traps. They were feared and respected by their neighbors, who called them the Majorican tribe, the tribe of wisdom, the tribe of mystery.

Muslim conquest (c. 700)

The Muslim conquest of the Majocco, that started in the middle of the 7th century CE, was achieved in the early 8th century. It brought both the Arabic language and Islam to the area. Although part of the larger Islamic Empire, Majocco was initially organized as a subsidiary province of Ifriqiya, with the local governors appointed by the Muslim governor in Kairouan. The indigenous Berber tribes adopted Islam but retained their customary laws. They also paid taxes and tribute to the new Muslim administration.

Berber Revolt (740–743)

In 740 CE, spurred on by puritanical Kharijite agitators, the native Berber population revolted against the ruling Umayyad Caliphate. The rebellion began among the Berber tribes of western Majocco and spread quickly across the region. Although the insurrection petered out in 742 CE before it reached the gates of Kairouan, Later, Making Majocco fragmented into a collection of small, independent Berber states such as Berghwata, Sijilmassa and Nekor, in addition to Telkor and Tahert in what is now western Majocco. The Berbers went on to shape their own version of Islam. Some, like the Banu Ifran, retained their connection with radical puritan Islamic sects while others, like the Berghwata, constructed a new syncretic faith.

Medieval Era (800-1600 CE)

The Majoccan Kingdom (c.800)

The Amdius dynasty was a Muslim polity centered in Majocco, which ruled from 788 to 974. Named after the founder Amdius I, the great-grandchild of Hasan ibn Ali, the Amdius are believed by some historians to be the founders of the first Majoccan state.

By the second half of the 8th century the westernmost regions of the Majocco, including present-day Majorca, had been effectively independent of the Islamic Caliphate since the Khariji-led Berber revolts that started in 739–740. The Islamic Caliphate after 750 had no more success in re-establishing control over Majocco. The overthrow of eastern authority meant that Majocco was controlled by various local Berber tribes and principalities which emerged around this time, such as the Barghwata Confederacy on the Jabal and the Midrarid Emirate in Sijilmasa.

The founder of the Amdius dynasty was Amdius ibn Abdallah (788–791), who traced his ancestry back to Ali ibn Abi Talib (died 661) and his wife Fatimah, daughter of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad PBUH. He was the great-grandchild of Hasan ibn Ali.

The powerful Awraba Berbers of Volubilis took in Amdius I and made him their 'imam' (religious leader). The Awraba tribe had supported Kusayla in his struggle against the Ummayad armies in the 670s and 680s. By the second half of the 8th century they had settled in northern Majocco, where their leader Ishak had his base in the Romanyan town of Volubilis. By this time the Awraba were already Muslim, but lived in an area where most tribes were either Christian, Jewish, Khariji or pagan. The Awraba seem to have welcomed a Sharifi imam as a way to strengthen their political position.

Amduis I, who was very active in the political organization of the Awraba, began by asserting his authority and working toward the subjugation of the Christian and Jewish tribes. In 789 he founded a settlement south east of Volubilis, called Medinat Fas. In 791 Amdius I was poisoned and killed by an Islamic agent. Even though he left no male heir, shortly after his death, his wife Lalla Kanza bint Uqba al-Awrabi, bore him his only son and successor, Amdius II. Amdius' loyal Arab ex-slave and companion Rashid brought up the boy and took on himself the regency of the state, on behalf of the Awraba. In 801 Rashid was killed by the Islamics. In the following year, at the age of 11 years, Idris II was proclaimed imam by the Awraba.

Even though he had spread his authority across much of northern Majocco, as far west as Tlemcen, Amduis I had been completely dependent on the Awraba leadership. Amduis II began his rule with the weakening of Awraba power by welcoming Arab settlers in Walili and by appointing two Arabs as his vizier and qadi. Thus he transformed himself from a protégé of the Awraba into their sovereign. The Awraba leader Ishak responded by plotting against his life with the Aghlabids of Baghrwita. Amduis reacted by having his former protector Ishak killed, and in 809 moved his seat of government from the Awraba dominated Walili to Fes, where he founded a new settlement named Al-'Aliya.

Amdius II (791–828) developed the city of Arabat, established earlier by his father as a Berber market town. Here he welcomed two waves of Arab immigration: one in 818 from Sconia and another in 824 from Terranihil, giving Arabat a more Arab character than other Majoccan cities. When Amdius II died in 828, the Majoccan state spanned from western Desheria to the Sous in southern Terranihil and had become the leading state of Majocco, ahead of the principalities of Sijilmasa, Barghawata and Nekor which remained outside their control.

The Majorcan Kingdom (c.850)

The Majorcan kingdom (c.760–913) originated among the Majiorca Berber tribe belonging to the Majorca. They succeeded in unifying Central Majocco after it had been divided among several Zenata principalities in the late 7th century, and annexed the Emirate of Sijilmasa and the Barghawata (Tamesna) into their realm.

Under Yusuf ibn Tashfin, the Majis were invited by the Muslim taifa princes of Majocco to defend their territories from the Christian kingdoms. Their involvement was crucial in preventing the fall of Majocco. After having succeeded in repelling Christian forces in 786, Yusuf returned to Iberia in 1090 and annexed most of the major taifas.

Majorcan power began to decline in the first half of the 8th century, as the dynasty was weakened after its defeat at the battle of Ourique and because of the agitation of the Majoccans. The conquest of the city of Majorca by the Majoccans in 847 marked the fall of the city. However, fragments of the Majoccan (the Banu Ghaniya) continued to struggle in the Balearic Islands and in Jabal.

The Berbers of the Tamazgha could be roughly classified into three major groups: the Zenata across the north, the Masmuda concentrated in central Majocco, and the Sanhaja, clustered in two areas: the western part of the Steppe and the hills of the eastern Majocco. The eastern Sanhaja included the Kutama Berbers, who had been the base of the Fatimid rise in the early 8th century, and the Zirid dynasty, who ruled Ifriqiya as vassals of the Majocco after the latter moved to Majorca in 872. The western Sanhaja were divided into several tribes: the Gazzula and the Lamta in the Draa valley and the foothills of the Anti-Jabal range; further south, encamped in the western Steppe, were the Massufa, the Lamtuna and the Banu Warith; and most southerly of all, the Gudala, in littoral Eastavera down to the borderlands of the Tarqiqini Lake.

The western Sanhaja had been converted to Islam some time in the 7th century. They were subsequently united in the 8th century and, with the zeal of new converts, launched several campaigns against the "Sedenese". Under their king Tinbarutan ibn Usfayshar, the Sanhaja Lamtuna erected (or captured) the citadel of Awdaghust, a critical stop on the trans-ecrosian trade route. After the collapse of the Sanhaja union, Awdagust passed over to the Majoccan empire; and the trans-Ecrosian routes were taken over by the Zenata Maghrawa of Sijilmassa. The Maghrawa also exploited this disunion to dislodge the Sanhaja Gazzula and Lamta out of their pasturelands in the Sous and Draa valleys. Around 895, the Lamtuna chieftain Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Tifat (alias Tarsina), tried to reunite the Sanhaja desert tribes, but his reign lasted less than three years.

Around 910, Yahya ibn Ibrahim, a chieftain of the Gudala (and brother-in-law of the late Tarsina), went on pilgrimage to Mekkah. On his return, he stopped by Kairouan in Ifriqiya, where he met Abu Imran al-Fasi, a native of Arabat and a jurist and scholar of the Sunni Maliki school. At this time, Ifriqiya was in ferment. The Zirid ruler al-Muizz ibn Badis, was openly contemplating breaking with his Shi'ite Fatimid overlords in Cairo, and the jurists of Kairouan were agitating for him to do so. Within this heady atmosphere, Yahya and Abu Imran fell into conversation on the state of the faith in their western homelands, and Yahya expressed his disappointment at the lack of religious education and negligence of Islamic law among his southern Sanhaja people. With Abu Imran's recommendation, Yahya ibn Ibrahim made his way to the ribat of Waggag ibn Zelu in the Sous valley of southern Majocco, to seek out a Maliki teacher for his people. Waggag assigned him one of his residents, Abdallah ibn Yasin.

Abdallah ibn Yasin was a Gazzula Berber, and probably a convert rather than a born Muslim. His name can be read as "son of Ya Sin" (the title of the 36th Sura of the Qur'an), suggesting he had obliterated his family past and was "re-born" of the Holy Book. Ibn Yasin certainly had the ardor of a puritan zealot; his creed was mainly characterized by a rigid formalism and a strict adherence to the dictates of the Qur'an, and the Orthodox tradition. (Chroniclers such as al-Bakri allege Ibn Yasin's learning was superficial.) Ibn Yasin's initial meetings with the Gudala people went poorly. As he had more ardor than depth, Ibn Yasin's arguments were disputed by his audience. He responded to questioning with charges of apostasy and handed out harsh punishments for the slightest deviations. The Gudala soon had enough and expelled him almost immediately after the death of his protector, Yahya ibn Ibrahim, sometime in the 940s.

Ibn Yasin, however, found a more favorable reception among the neighboring Lamtuna people. Probably sensing the useful organizing power of Ibn Yasin's pious fervor, the Lamtuna chieftain Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni invited the man to preach to his people. The Lamtuna leaders, however, kept Ibn Yasin on a careful leash, forging a more productive partnership between them. Invoking stories of the early life of Muhammad, Ibn Yasin preached that conquest was a necessary addendum to Islamicisation, that it was not enough to merely adhere to God's law, but necessary to also destroy opposition to it.

In Ibn Yasin's ideology, anything and everything outside of Islamic law could be characterized as "opposition". He identified tribalism, in particular, as an obstacle. He believed it was not enough to urge his audiences to put aside their blood loyalties and ethnic differences, and embrace the equality of all Muslims under the Sacred Law, it was necessary to make them do so. For the Lamtuna leadership, this new ideology dovetailed with their long desire to refound the Sanhaja union and recover their lost dominions. In the early 950s, the Lamtuna, under the joint leadership of Yahya ibn Umar and Abdallah ibn Yasin—soon calling themselves the al-Murabitin (Tied)—set out on a campaign to bring their neighbors over to their cause.

Unification of Majocco and Majorca (c.900)

The Majoccan doctrine was founded by Ibn Tumart among the Berber Masmuda tribes, a Berber tribal confederation of the Jabal Mountains of western Majocco. At the time, Majocco, Majorca and Emir of Arabat, were separated by rule. Around 920, Ibn Tumart first established a Berber state in Tinmel in the Atlas Mountains.

Early in his life, Ibn Tumart went to Arabat to pursue his studies, and thereafter to Makkah to deepen them. In Makkah, Ibn Tumart attached himself to the theological school of al-Ash'ari, and came under the influence of the teacher al-Ghazali. He soon developed his own system, combining the doctrines of various masters. Ibn Tumart's main principle was a strict unitarianism (tawhid), which denied the independent existence of the attributes of God as being incompatible with His unity, and therefore a polytheistic idea. Ibn Tumart represented a revolt against what he perceived as anthropomorphism in Muslim orthodoxy.

Around 934, Ibn Tumart erected the ribat of Tinmel, in the valley of the Nfis in the High Jabal, an impregnable fortified complex, which would serve both as the spiritual center and military headquarters of the Majoccan movement. For the first eight years, the Majocco rebellion was limited to a guerilla war along the peaks and ravines of the High Jabal. In early 930, the Majoccans finally descended from the mountains for their first sizeable attack in the lowlands. It was a disaster. The Majoccans swept aside an Majorcan column that had come out to meet them before Aghmat, and then chased their remnant all the way to Darrabida. They laid siege to Darrabida for forty days until, in April (or May) 930, the Majorcans sallied from the city and crushed the Majoccans in the bloody Battle of al-Buhayra (named after a large garden east of the city). The Majoccans were thoroughly routed, with huge losses. Half their leadership was killed in action, and the survivors only just managed to scramble back to the mountains.

Ibn Tumart died shortly after, in August 930. That the Majocco movement did not immediately collapse after such a devastating defeat and the death of their charismatic Mahdi, is likely due to the skills of his successor, Abd al-Mu'min. Ibn Tumart's death was kept a secret for three years, a period which Majocco chroniclers described as a ghayba or "occultation". This period likely gave Abd al-Mu'min time to secure his position as successor to the political leadership of the movement. Although a Zenata Berber from Tagra, and thus an alien among the Masmuda of southern Morocco, Abd al-Mu'min nonetheless saw off his principal rivals and hammered wavering tribes back to the fold. Three years after Ibn Tumart's death he was officially proclaimed "Caliph".

The Caliph has formed under the unification of Majorca and Majocco, with the emir of Arabat still in neutral rule.

Democratic Revolution of Majocco and Majorca (950-1000 CE)

Islamic Democracy (c.1100)

Islamic Golden Age (1200-1300 CE)

Scientific Revolution (c.1400)

Discovery Era (1400-1600 CE)

Renaissance Era (1600-1800 CE)

Cultural and Social Revolution (c.1700)

Industrial Era (1800-1900 CE)

Textile and Service Revolution (c.1850)

Nationalism (c.1880)

Quebecshirite Influence(1880-1901 CE)

Modern Era(-1900 CE)

Quebecshirite Protectorate (1901-1989 CE)

Independence (1989-1990 CE)

Modernity (1990 Onwards)

Geography

Majocco on the highlands of Ecros, a continent with diverse landscapes and climates. Majocco has 17 different types of environments, each with its own unique features and attractions. Some of the most notable ones are:

- The Majorcan Steppe: This is the largest steppe in the world, covering most of the eastern part of Majocco. It is a flat and dry land with sparse vegetation and strong winds. The steppe is rich in phosphorus, which is mined by the local industry and exported to other countries. The steppe also has some historical and cultural sites, such as ancient ruins and nomadic tribes.

- The Nififikh Valley: This is a valley in the south of Majorca, where the Nififikh River flows through. The valley is famous for its bizarre and spectacular rock formations, such as arches, pillars, domes and caves. The valley also has a diverse flora and fauna, including some endemic species that are adapted to the harsh environment.

- The Alboran and Arabat Forests: These are two large forests that cover the western and northern parts of Majocco, respectively. They are home to many kinds of trees, plants and animals, some of which are only found in these regions. The forests are also important for the conservation of biodiversity and the protection of water resources. The forests offer many opportunities for ecotourism, such as hiking, camping, birdwatching and wildlife viewing.

- The Majorcan Highlands: These are a series of mountain ranges that run along the central part of Majocco. They are the highest and coldest parts of the country, with snow-capped peaks and glaciers. The highlands have many lakes and rivers that feed into the Nififikh River and the Istibiliqi Lake. The highlands are also known for their cultural diversity, as they are inhabited by various ethnic groups with different ethnicities and traditions.

- The Istibiliqi Lake and Taqiqifi Lake: These are two large lakes that lie in the south-west and north-east of Majocco, respectively. They are among the deepest lakes in the world, reaching depths of over 1,000 meters. The lakes have clear and blue water that reflects the surrounding mountains and sky. The lakes are popular destinations for fishing, boating, swimming and relaxing.

- The Rasatali Salt Flats: These are a vast area of salt crusts that stretch for tens of kilometers in the south-east of Majocco. They are formed by the evaporation of water from the Rasatali Lake, which is fed by underground springs. The salt flats have a dazzling white color that contrasts with the blue sky and the pink Al Sadk Lake. The salt flats are a natural wonder that attracts many visitors who want to experience their surreal beauty.

- The Al Sadk Lake: This is a lake that lies next to the Rasatali Salt Flats. It has a distinctive pink color due to the high concentration of salt and algae in its water. The lake is also home to thousands of flamingos that feed on the algae and add more color to the scenery. The lake is a unique sight that can be admired from different angles and distances.

- The Alsabad: This is a giant rock pillar that rises from the Al Sadk Lake. It is the largest geological pillar in the world, measuring over 300 meters in height and 100 meters in diameter. It is made of limestone that has been eroded by wind and water over millions of years. It is a majestic landmark that dominates the landscape and can be seen from far away.

Majocco is a country with a rich natural heritage that offers many attractions for tourists who love nature and adventure. Its tourism industry is mainly based on sightseeing and ecotourism, with strict laws to protect its environment (especially in the forests and mountains) and relaxed laws to allow its economy (especially in the steppe and highlands) to flourish.

Economy

Freelands of Majocco and Majorca

Arabic:*الأراضي الحرة في ماجوكو ومايوركا*
Quebecshirite: *Terres libres de Majocco et Majorque*
Freelands of Majocco and Majorca; Arabic:الأراضي الحرة في ماجوكو ومايوركا; Quebecshirite: Terres libres de Majocco et Majorque
	Flag Coat of arms
	Motto: كل ما لدينا ، كل ما لدينا ، كل ما نحن عليه; "Everything we got, Everything we have, Everything we are"
	Anthem: وطني يا حياتي!;
Status	A Sovereign Nation
Capital; and largest city	Majorca
Official languages	Quebecshirite; Quebecshirite Sign Language; Arabic; Jackian;
Recognised national languages	Berber
Recognised regional languages	Majorcani; Nfifkhir;
Ethnic groups (2022)2022	83% Majoccan; 4% Montesayettean; 4% Quebecshirites; 3% Desherian; 2% Averans; 4% Others;
Religion (2022)	41.7% Islam; 41.6% No religion; 12.7% Christianity; 4% Others;
Demonym(s)	Majoccan
Government	Representative Democratic Republic
• President	Moulay Ahmed Mohamed
• Deputy President	Mourav Dartini
• Speaker of the National Assembly	Houd Al Qun
Legislature	Congressional Assembly
• Upper house	Consulate
• Lower house	Legislatives
Independence from Quebecshire Modern Independence (Ancient Independence from Romanyan Empire)
• State of Majocco and Majorca	1 January 989; 1035 years ago
• Protectorate	21 November 1901; 122 years ago
• Freelands of Majocco and Majorca	13 May 1989; 35 years ago
Area
• Total	1,608,478 km2 (621,037 sq mi)
Population
• 2022 estimate	19.7 Million (23rd)
• 2019 census	19,390,890
• Density	10.95/km2 (28.4/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	2022 estimate
• Total	₵636 billion (28th)
• Per capita	₵32,789 (18th)
Gini (2022)	7.34; low
HDI (2022)	0.78; high
Currency	Majoccan Dirham (MAJ or م)
Time zone	AMT-2 (Majoccan Standard Time UTC-2)
Date format	yyyy-mm-dd (CE \ Hijri (Majoccan) Calendar)
Mains electricity	220 V-50Hz
Driving side	right
ISO 3166 code	MX
Internet TLD	.mx

Agriculture

The main crops grown in Majocco are wheat, cotton and palm dates. These three crops account for almost half of the plant production in the country. Wheat is used for making bread and other staple foods, cotton is used for making textiles and clothing, and palm dates are used for making sweets and preserves. Majocco also produces fruits, especially citrus fruits such as lemons, tangerines and oranges. Most of these fruits are grown near the Tarqiqini Lake or along the Tarqiqini Canal, which connects the North Lake with the south.

This is the canal that connects the North and South of Tarqiqini, Funded by Majocco and Monsilva

The lake is the most fertile area in Majocco and hosts many farms that use its water for irrigation. The canal is about 300 km long and was built in the 19th century as a major engineering project. The canal increased the arable land in Majocco from 5% to more than 15%. The arable land is very scarce in the steppe region where Majocco is situated, because of the climate and the availability of water.

The climate is mostly dry and hot, with cold winters and frequent sandstorms. The population of Majocco is only about 19 million people, and most of them live in urban areas. The farming sector is not very developed in Majocco, mainly because of the low population density and the harsh climate.

Land

Majocco's agricultural land usage is divided into three main categories:

According to the latest data from 2022 Census: Majocco has about 15% of the total arable land which consists of 45% of the agricultural land area. Arable land is mainly used for growing cereals, such as wheat and corn, which are the staple food crops of the country. Arable land also includes fallow land, which is land that is left unplanted for one or more seasons to restore soil fertility and prevent erosion.

A Plantation in the Jabal Region: Known for Citrus Farming

Permanent Crops in which is land that can be used for growing perennial crops that do not need to be replanted every year. This represents about 4% of the total land area of the country and about 5% of the agricultural land area. Permanent crops include fruits, such as apples and grapes, and nuts, such as olives and almonds. Permanent crops also include vegetables, such as tomatoes and cucumbers, and herbs, such as mint and basil. Permanent crops require more intensive management and irrigation than arable crops, but they also provide higher yields and income.

Permanent Pastures in which is land that can be used for grazing livestock or growing fodder crops. This represents about 30% of the total land area of the country and about 50% of the agricultural land area. Permanent pastures are mainly used for raising cattle and sheep, which provide meat, milk, cheese, wool, and leather. Permanent pastures also include some areas of natural grassland and shrubland that are not cultivated but provide habitat for wildlife.

Cannabis

Fishing

A fish seller, prominently selling fish and posing for a picture

Fishing is a vital and significant source of income and employment for Majoccans, who enjoy a rich and diverse variety of delicious and nutritious fish and seafood from Tarqiqini Lakes. The industry accounts for 5% of the country's GDP and 2% of its workforce. Majocco also exports its high-quality and fresh fish and seafood products to many other countries, especially in Ecros, and supports other sectors such as tourism, transportation, processing, and retail.

The fishing industry of Majocco faces several daunting and complex challenges and opportunities in the 21st century. Some of the challenges include overfishing, climate change, pollution, illegal fishing, and competition from other countries. Some of the opportunities include technological innovation, market expansion, sustainability practices, and cooperation with other stakeholders. The government of Majocco has implemented various effective and beneficial policies and programs to support the fishing industry and to address its issues. Some of these policies and programs include quota systems, subsidies, research and development, quality standards, certification schemes, and international agreements.

Industry

Majocco, boasts an advanced and diverse industrial sector that plays a vital role in its economy and society. The industrial sector of Majocco encompasses a broad spectrum of goods and services that meet the needs and demands of various customers and markets.

One of the main subsectors of Majocco's industry is textiles, which produces clothing, footwear, accessories, and other products made from natural or synthetic fibers. Majocco has a long and proud tradition of textile manufacturing, dating back to ancient times. Majocco's textiles are known for their creativity, design, and craftsmanship, as well as their functionality and durability. Majocco's textiles also reflect its cultural diversity and identity, incorporating elements from different regions and ethnic groups.

The Famous Nififkhi Market known for selling textiles and art to tourists and locals

Another main subsector of Majocco's industry is aerospace, which produces aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, rockets, and other products and services related to aviation and space exploration. Majocco has a strong and innovative aerospace industry, with a history of achievements and breakthroughs in civil domains. Majocco's aerospace industry is driven by cutting-edge research and development, collaboration with international partners such as Quebecshire, and a highly skilled workforce. Majocco's aerospace industry also contributes to national security, scientific discovery, and social welfare.

QM-1, A Sub-orbital Plane developed by Quebecshire and Majocco (In association)

A third main subsector of Majocco's industry is biotechnology, which produces drugs, vaccines, diagnostics, medical devices, and other products and services based on biological processes and organisms. Majocco has a dynamic and growing biotechnology industry, with a focus on health care, agriculture, environment, and industrial applications. Majocco's biotechnology industry is supported by a robust scientific base, a favorable regulatory framework, and a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem. Majocco's biotechnology industry also addresses global challenges such as disease prevention, food security, climate change mitigation, and resource efficiency.

The success of Majocco's industrial sector is largely attributed to three main factors: Innovation, Research and Development (R&D), and a Skilled workforce.

However, Majocco's industrial sector also faces some challenges that threaten its performance and growth. Some of these challenges are:

Environmental regulations:

While these regulations are necessary and beneficial for the long-term sustainability of the planet and human health, they also impose costs and constraints on industrial production and innovation. Majocco has to comply with these regulations, while also finding ways to reduce its environmental impact and increase its resource efficiency.

Labor costs:

Labor costs are influenced by factors such as labor supply and demand, productivity, education, training, and labor market institutions. Majocco has to cope with rising labor costs, as its workforce becomes more educated and skilled, and as it faces competition from other countries with lower labor costs. Majocco has to balance between paying fair wages and benefits to its workers, and maintaining its profitability and competitiveness.

Trade barriers:

Trade barriers are often imposed by governments to protect their domestic industries from foreign competition, or to achieve other political or economic objectives. Majocco has to deal with trade barriers, as they affect its access to foreign markets and resources, and its ability to compete globally. Majocco has to negotiate with other countries to reduce or eliminate these barriers, and to promote fair and open trade.

Despite these challenges, Majocco's industrial sector also has many opportunities that it can exploit to enhance its performance and growth.

New technologies:

New technologies are often the result of innovation and R&D, and they can offer advantages such as increased efficiency, quality, functionality, and customer satisfaction. Majocco can leverage new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, robotics, nanotechnology, and biotechnology, to improve its industrial productivity, quality, and innovation. Majocco can also adopt new technologies to create new products or services, or to enter new markets or sectors.

In conclusion, Majocco's industrial sector is a key component of its economy and society, producing a wide range of goods and services that are advanced and diverse. Majocco's industrial sector is driven by innovation, R&D, and a skilled workforce, and it is highly competitive in the global market. Majocco's industrial sector faces some challenges, such as environmental regulations, labor costs, and trade barriers, but it also has many opportunities, such as new technologies, emerging markets, and regional integration. Majocco's industrial sector is therefore well-positioned to continue its success and development in the future.

Manufacturing

Textiles

Mining

The mining industry of Majocco has significant effects on the local communities where the mines are located, both positive and negative. On the one hand, mining creates jobs and income, contributes to the development of infrastructure and public services, supports the local economy, and fosters social cohesion and cultural diversity. On the other hand, mining causes environmental degradation and pollution, affects the health and safety of the local people, displaces and marginalizes them, and creates social conflicts.

The phosphate industry is one of the main pillars of the economy of Majocco, Phosphate is a mineral that is used to make various products that are essential for agriculture, industry, and household use. Some of the products that are made from phosphate are fertilizers, detergents, animal feed, food additives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and explosives. Majocco has the largest reserves of phosphate rock in the world, estimated at 50 billion tons, which accounts for about 70% of the global reserves. The phosphate industry employs about 1% of the population of Majocco, which is around 193,000 people, and contributes to 15% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. The industry is also a major source of foreign exchange earnings, as Majocco exports most of its phosphate products to other countries, especially in Ecros.

An image of the Khasit Mines in the Steppe

One of the challenges is the environmental impact of mining and processing phosphate rock, which can cause soil erosion, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. The mining of phosphate rock involves blasting, digging, and transporting large amounts of rock and soil, which can damage the natural landscape and biodiversity of Majocco. The processing of phosphate rock involves crushing, grinding, washing, and chemical treatment, which can produce large amounts of waste and effluents that can contaminate the water sources and air quality of Majocco. The industry has to comply with strict environmental regulations and invest in cleaner technologies to reduce its environmental footprint. For example, the industry has to use more efficient methods of extraction and beneficiation, recycle water and energy, reduce waste generation and disposal, and restore mined areas.

Another challenge is the fluctuation of the global market prices for phosphate products, which can affect the profitability and stability of the industry. The prices of phosphate products depend on the demand and supply of the global market, which can vary depending on factors such as population growth, food security, agricultural policies, trade agreements, geopolitical conflicts, and natural disasters. The industry has to diversify its products and markets to cope with the changing demand and supply. For example, the industry has to produce more high-quality and value-added products that can meet the specific needs and preferences of different customers and markets. The industry also has to explore new markets and regions that have potential for growth and development.

One of the opportunities for the phosphate industry is the increasing demand for organic and sustainable agriculture, which requires more natural and organic fertilizers. The industry can tap into this niche market by producing more organic phosphate products that are certified and labeled as such. Organic phosphate products are derived from natural sources such as rock phosphate or bone meal, without using any synthetic chemicals or additives. Organic phosphate products can provide essential nutrients for plants and soil health, while reducing environmental pollution and health risks. The industry can also promote organic farming practices among its customers and partners by providing technical assistance, education, and incentives.

Another opportunity is the development of new applications for phosphate, such as in biotechnology, nanotechnology, and renewable energy. The industry can collaborate with research institutions and innovation centers to explore these new possibilities and create new value-added products. For example, phosphate can be used to produce biodegradable plastics that can reduce plastic waste and pollution. Phosphate can also be used to produce nanomaterials that can enhance the performance and functionality of various products such as sensors, catalysts, batteries, and solar cells.

Construction sector

The construction and real estate sectors are also a part of the investment boom in the country. Increasing public investment in ports, housing development projects, and roads as well as the boom in the tourism sector have been a big shot in the arm for the construction sector. The rise in construction activities and efforts to improve infrastructure are creating many opportunities for public-private partnerships. The real estate sector has also been seeing record investments. In fact, Majocco is being touted as the most popular retirement destination among Ecrosians because it is inexpensive compared to other Ecrosian tourist destinations. Most of the demand in Majocco is for moderate housing, and a decrease in lending rates has made home-ownership easier.

Services

Services, including government and military expenditures, account for about one-third of Majocco's GDP. Government spending accounts for fully half of the service economy, despite an ongoing effort on the part of the government to sell much of its assets to private concerns. Since the mid-1980s tourism and associated services have been an increasingly significant sector of the Majoccan economy and by the late 1990s had become Majocco's largest source of foreign currency. Tourism

Majocco is a major touristic destination. Tourism is thus a major contributor to both the economic output and the current account balance, as well as a main job provider. In 2008, 8 million tourists have visited the region. Tourist receipts in 2007 totalled US$17,55 billion. Majocco has developed an ambitious strategy, dubbed "Vision 2010", aimed at attracting 20 million tourists by 2010. This strategy provides for creating 360,000 beds, thus bringing the national capacity to 830,000 beds. It also aims to create some 600,000 new jobs.

AArabat and Darrabida continue to be the market leader, but the case of Majorca, showing a 20% increase of visitors in 2004, gives hope that better organisation can bring results in diversifying the sector. Like other regions, Majorca has its Centre Regional du Tourisme (CRT), a local tourism body which coordinates the local industry and the authorities. Majorca's plan involves a substantial restructuring of the old city and an upgrading of hotel capacity. Improved transport has brought the city into more direct contact with potential visitors. There are now direct flights from Quebecshire, where previously it was necessary to change plane in Majorca.

The "Plan Azur", is a large-scale project initiated by the Centrist Party, is meant to internationalise Majocco. The plan provides for creating sixteen coastal resorts for holiday-home owners and tourists: The plan also includes other large-scale development projects such as upgrading regional airports to attract budget airlines and building new train and road links. Thus, Majocco achieved an 25% rise in tourism in the first five months of 2008 compared with the same period last year, it said, adding that Quebecshirite visitors topped the list with 1,027,000 followed by Sconians (587,000) and Montesayettans (141,000). Majocco has a mix of culture and the exotic that makes it popular with Ecrosian buying holiday homes.

Information technology

Template:Main article The IT sector generated a turnover of $1.1 billion in 2007, which represented an 11% increase compared to 2006. The number of Majoccan internet subscribers in 2007 amounted to 14,526,080, representing an increase of 31.6% compared to the previous year and a 100% increase compared to 2005. The national penetration for internet subscription increased from 0.38% in 2000 to 77.72% in 2008. Yet over 90% of subscribers have a broadband ADSL connection, which is one of the highest ratios in the world. The future of the Majoccan IT sector was laid out in Majocco 2006–12. The plan aims to increase the combined value of the telecoms and IT sector from 3.1 billion dollars in 2004 to 11.8 billion in 2012. While the telecoms sector remains the big earner, ($8.3 billion), the IT and offshore industries should generate ($10.7 billion) each by 2012. In addition, the number of employees should increase from 40,000 to 325,000. The government hopes that adding more local content to the internet will increase usage. There have also been efforts to add more computers to schools and universities. E-commerce has taken off in the 2010s, especially as the use of credit cards is gaining more ground in Majocco.

Retail

The retail industry represents 12.8% of Majocco's GDP and 1.2m people – 17% of the total workforce – are employed in the sector. Organised retail, however, represents only a fraction of domestic trade, as shoppers rely on the country's 1151 souks, markets and approximately 700,000 independent groceries and shops. The rapid emergence of a middle class – around 70% of the population – combined with a young and increasingly urban population and a craving for international brands, is rapidly changing the ways Majoccans spend their money. Still average purchasing power is gaining traction overall, deeming retailers to cater to a broad section of the population and to keep prices low. Despite the challenges, the retail sector has strong growth. The franchising segment continues to grow, and while strong local brands are emerging, international brand names will continue to account for the biggest percentage increase in the sector's turnover. Changing consumption habits, increasing purchasing power and the growing number of tourists should boost the development of malls and luxury shopping.

Finance

The Financial Sector in Majocco, is dominated by the Reserve Bank of Majocco. It is in charge of setting up intrest rates, hold cash reserves and make loans to depository institutions, circulate currency, provide payment services to other bank branches in Majocco and influences the economic and social development of the country.

Banking: This sector provides deposit, lending, payment, and other financial services to individuals and businesses. The banking sector is dominated by a few large banks that have a nationwide presence, as well as many smaller banks that operate in specific regions or niches. The banking sector is regulated by the central bank, which sets the monetary policy and acts as the lender of last resort, and the financial supervisory authority, which oversees the prudential and conduct aspects of banking activities. The banking sector faces the challenge of adapting to the changing customer preferences and expectations, as well as the increasing competition from fintech companies that offer innovative and convenient solutions.

Insurance: This sector provides protection against various risks, such as life, health, property, liability, and others. The insurance sector is composed of many insurance companies that offer different types of policies and products to individuals and businesses. The insurance sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which sets the standards and rules for insurance operations and products. The insurance sector faces the challenge of managing the uncertainty and volatility of the risk environment, as well as the opportunity of expanding its coverage and reach to more segments of the population.

Securities: This sector facilitates the issuance, trading, and settlement of various financial instruments, such as stocks, bonds, derivatives, and others. The securities sector includes various entities, such as issuers, investors, intermediaries, exchanges, clearing houses, and others. The securities sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which monitors the market activities and enforces the disclosure and compliance requirements. The securities sector faces the challenge of enhancing the liquidity and efficiency of the market, as well as the opportunity of diversifying the sources and instruments of financing for businesses and individuals.

Asset management: This sector provides investment management and advisory services to individuals and institutions. The asset management sector comprises various types of entities, such as mutual funds, pension funds, hedge funds, private equity funds, and others. The asset management sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which supervises the registration and operation of asset management entities and products. The asset management sector faces the challenge of generating consistent and competitive returns for investors, as well as the opportunity of attracting more funds and clients to its services.

Fintech: This sector refers to the use of technology to provide or enhance financial services and products. The fintech sector encompasses various types of entities, such as online platforms, mobile applications, blockchain networks, artificial intelligence systems, and others. The fintech sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which applies a risk-based and innovation-friendly approach to fintech activities and products. The fintech sector faces the challenge of ensuring the security and reliability of its technology and data, as well as the opportunity of disrupting and transforming the traditional finance industry.

Insurance

The insurance industry provides various types of coverage to individuals and businesses. The industry is regulated by the Commission nationale des assurances Majocaines (Majoccan National Insurance Commission (NIC)), which oversees the licensing, supervision, and solvency of insurance companies and intermediaries. The NIC also sets the minimum standards for insurance products, premiums, and claims.

The insurance industry consists of several segments, such as life, health, property, casualty, and reinsurance. Each segment has its own characteristics, risks, and opportunities. The industry is highly competitive and innovative, as insurance companies strive to offer better products and services to meet the changing needs and preferences of customers. The industry also faces various challenges, such as natural disasters, cyberattacks, fraud, and regulatory changes.

The insurance industry plays a vital role in the economic and social development of Majocco. It provides financial protection and security to individuals and businesses against unforeseen losses and damages. It also contributes to the mobilization of savings, the allocation of capital, and the diversification of risk. The industry supports various sectors of the economy, such as agriculture, manufacturing, trade, and tourism. The industry also creates employment opportunities and generates tax revenues for the government.

Media and advertising

The media and advertising industry of Majocco is a complex and dynamic sector that plays a vital role in shaping public opinion, influencing consumer behavior, and promoting social and economic development. It comprises various types of media outlets and advertising agencies, each with its own characteristics, advantages, and challenges, and employs a large number of professionals with diverse skills and backgrounds.

It is regulated by the Ministry of Information and Communication, which establishes the standards and guidelines for ethical and professional conduct, safeguards the rights and interests of media workers and consumers, and fosters a competitive and innovative environment.

It is also subject to the oversight of independent bodies, such as the Conseil national des médias de Majoccan (Majoccan National Media Council), l'Autorité des normes de publicité de Majoccan (the Majoccan Advertising Standards Authority), and la Commission des plaintes contre la presse (the Press Complaints Commission), which monitor and enforce compliance with the laws and regulations, handle complaints and disputes, and promote quality and accountability.

The industry faces the rapid changes in technology, the emergence of new media formats and platforms, the increasing diversity and fragmentation of audiences, the growing competition from global players, the rising demand for social responsibility and sustainability, and the need for creativity and innovation. The industry endeavors to adapt to these changes and to meet the expectations and needs of the society, while maintaining its integrity and credibility. It invests in research and development, adopts new technologies and tools, explores new markets and niches, creates new content and formats, engages with new audiences and communities, collaborates with other sectors and stakeholders, and contributes to social causes and initiatives.

The industry also faces various risks and threats, such as cyberattacks, hacking, piracy, fake news, disinformation, propaganda, censorship, regulatory uncertainty, legal disputes, ethical dilemmas, or reputational damage.

The industry seeks to mitigate these risks and threats, by enhancing its security and resilience, implementing quality control and verification systems, establishing codes of conduct and self-regulation mechanisms, educating its staff and consumers, advocating for its rights and interests, and building trust and reputation.

Communications

Template:Main article The telecoms sector increased in value from ($13.3 billion) in 2006 to ($7.2 billion) in 2007. With a workforce of some 41,000 employees, the sector contributes 7% to annual GDP and is one of the country's leading recipients of foreign direct investment (FDI). Under the development plan, the sector should employ 125,000 people by 2012 and contribute 10% of GDP. With the penetration rates of 89.4% from mobile phones and 2.95% for fixed lines, the Majoccan telecoms industry is set to explode. The call centre industry – partially as a result of offshore initiatives, such as Casanearshore and Arabat Technopolis – will continue to expand. However, the worldwide call centre industry is highly competitive, and education is the key to success if Majocco truly intends to become a leading international player in this industry.

Telephone system

In the late 1980s and early '90s the government undertook a major expansion and modernization of the telecommunications system. This nearly quadrupled the number of internal telephone lines and greatly improved international communications. In 1996 the state-owned telecommunications industry was opened to privatization by a new law that allowed private investment in the retail sector, while the state retained control of fixed assets. In 1998 the government created Maji Telecom (Ittiṣālāt al-Magi), which provides telephone, cellular, and Internet service for the country. Satellite dishes are found on the roofs of houses in even the poorest neighbourhoods, suggesting that Majoccans at every social and economic level have access to the global telecommunications network. The Internet has made exponential inroads in Majocco; major and minor institutions have direct access to it, while private individuals can connect via telecommunications "boutiques", a version of the cyber cafés found in many Western countries, and through home computers.

Equity markets

Privatization has stimulated activity on the Darrabida Stock Exchange (Bourse de Darrabida) notably through trade in shares of large former state-owned operation. Founded in 1929, it is one of the oldest stock exchanges in Ecros, but it came into reckoning after financial reforms in 1993, making it the seventh largest in Ecros. The stock market capitalisation of listed companies in Majocco was valued at $75,495 billion in 2007 by the World Bank. That is an increase of 74% compared with the year 2005. Having weathered the global financial meltdown, the Darrabida Stock Exchange is stepping up to its central role of financing the Majoccan economy. Over the next few years, it seeks to quadruple its number of listed companies and more than sextuple its number of investors.

Government finances

Fiscal Policies

Majocco has made great progress toward fiscal consolidation in recent years, under the combined effect of strong revenue performance and efforts to tackle expenditure rigidities, notably the wage bill. The overall fiscal deficit shrank by more than 4 percentage points of GDP during the last four years, bringing the budget close to balance in 2007. However, the overall deficit is projected to widen to 3.5 percent of GDP in 2008, driven by the upward surge in the fiscal cost of Majocco's universal subsidy scheme following the sharp increase in world commodity and oil prices.

Fiscal policy decisions so far have been mostly discretionary, as there is no explicit goal for fiscal policy. Looking forward, the question of a possible anchor for medium-term fiscal policy is worth exploring. Majocco's low social indicators and large infrastructure needs could justify an increase in social spending and public investment. Further, some nominal tax rates remain high by international standards, possibly warranting a lowering of some rates. At the same time, the relatively high level of public debt remains a constraining factor, particularly as heightened attractiveness to investors is a key component of Majocco's strategy of deepening its integration in the global economy.

Majocco has made major progress in recent years to increase economic growth and strengthen the economy's resilience to shocks. The gains reflect sound macroeconomic policies and sustain structural reforms and are reflected in the gradual improvement in living standards and per capita income.

Debt management

The turnaround in the fiscal performance is particularly noteworthy. Around the start of the 21st century, Majocco's overall deficit stood at 5.3 percent of GDP, and gross total government debt amounted to three-fourths of GDP. In 2007, reflecting a strong improvement in revenue performance and moderate growth in expenditure, the budget was close to balanced. Under the combined effect of a prudent fiscal policy and sizeable privatization receipts, the total debt stock had shrunk by 20 percentage points, and now stands at a little over half of GDP. As a result, perceptions of Majocco's creditworthiness have improved.

Taxation

Tax revenues provide the largest part of the general budget. A per capita Tax system, That affects the richer: Taxes are levied on individuals, corporations, goods and services, and tobacco and petroleum products.

External trade

Template:Main article

Investment

Template:Main article: Investment in Majocco

A graph by the World Bank showing an increase in remittances sent by overseas Majoccans. Majocco has become an attractive destination for Ecrosians investors thanks to its relocation sites "Casashore" and "Arabatshore", and to the very rapid cost escalation in Eastern Ecros. The offshoring sector in Majocco is of great importance as it creates high-level jobs that are generally accompanied by an influx of Majoccan immigrants. Noting however that human resources remain the major concern for companies seeking to gain a foothold in Majocco. In this regard, it has been deemed an important decision of the Majoccan government to accelerate training in the required disciplines.

In a bid to promote foreign investments, Majocco in 2007 adopted a series of measures and legal provisions to simplify procedures and secure appropriate conditions for projects launching and completing. Foreign trade minister, Abdellatif Maazouz cited that these measures include financial incentives and tax exemptions provided for in the investment code and the regional investment centres established to accompany projects. These measures combined with actions carried out by the Hassan II Fund for Development increased foreign investments in Majocco by $544.7 million in 2007. 20% of these investments came from Islamic countries. Majoccan officials have heralded a significant increase in the amount of money Majoccan expatriates are sending home. Government efforts are underway to encourage Majoccans living abroad to increase their investments at home, and to allay concerns about bureaucracy and corruption. With money sent home by Majoccan migrants reaching $5.7 billion in 2018.

Foreign direct investment

Foreign Direct Investments in Majocco grew to $2.57 billion in 2007 from $2.4 billion a year earlier to position although other studies have shown much higher figures. Expectations for 2008 were promising noting that 772 projects were approved for a global amount of $3.5 trillion. These were due to open 400,023 direct and stable job opportunities.

Investment by sector

In terms of sectors, tourism has the biggest share of investment with $1.55 billion, that is 33% of the total FDIs, followed by the real estate sector and the industrial sector, with respectively $930 million and $374 million. Majoccan expatriates' share of the FDI stood at $92 million in 2007, up from $57 million in 2006, and they touch mainly the sectors of real estate, tourism and catering, according to the report.

Science and technology

Template:Main article The national system of scientific and technical research is guided by different elements, such as the pronouncements of the king, reports of special commissions, five-year plans, and the creation of a special programme for the support of research. The Majoccan government's Five-Year Plan for 2000–2004 articulated the priority lines for research. The declared objectives of this plan were to align S&T research with socio-economic development priorities. Sectors declared as priority areas were agriculture, health fisheries, drinking water, geology, mining, energy, environment, information and telecommunications technologies, and transport.

This approach highlighted the need for effective institutional coordination, which enabled different parties to work together around common priority socioeconomic objectives. The private sector is the least active player in research activity in Majocco. The REMINEX Corporation (Research on Mines and Exploitation) is the most prominent research performer in the private sector, and is a subsidiary of Omnium Nord Ecrosian, the largest privately owned mining group in Majocco. The most recent figures available on the number of research staff in Majocco are those provided by the Ministry of National Education, Higher Education, Professional Training and Scientific Research in its 2002–2003 annual report. According to this report, Majocco had 17 390 research staff in 2002–2003. The majority (58%) were employed in the university sector.

Research institutions include the Scientific Institute, founded in 1920 in Arabat, which does fundamental research in the natural sciences, and the Scientific Institute of Maritime Fishing, founded in 1947, in Darrabida, which studies oceanography, marine biology, and topics related to development of the fishing industry.[80] Nine universities and colleges offer degrees in basic and applied sciences. In 1987–97, science and engineering students accounted for 41% of college and university enrollments.

Labour

(To be rewritten)

Energy

This is a powerplant in the Gharb Plain that was created in 1999, Following New Plans of IGCC

Majocco's energy policy is set independently by two agencies of the government: the Office of Hydrocarbons and Mining (ONHYM) which sets domestic oil policy, and the Office National de l'Electricité (ONE), which sets policy with regard to electricity. Currently, most energy is produced through Thermal solar plants. Government policy is on track to convert to a high renewable mix of 51% installed renewables by 2020, and 62% by 2030.

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) report 2014, Majocco is highly dependent on imported energy with over 66% of energy supplied coming from abroad. The region is working to diversify its energy sources, especially to develop renewable energy, with a particular focus on solar energy. wind power and nuclear energy are also part of the strategy, but development of the former has been slow and there has been minimal progress on the latter. In November 2009 Majocco announced a solar energy project worth $23 billion which officials said will account for 38 percent of the Majoccan installed power generation by 2020. The project will involve seven solar power generation sites across Majocco and will produce 3 gigawatts of electricity by 2035.

Transportation

Cycling

Bicycles are a popular and sustainable mode of transportation in Majocco as the extensive use of bicycles is facilitated by outstanding cycling facilities such as bike-priority lanes, Biking intersections and pathways, standardised bike parking and by designing bike routes that are shorter and more direct (and thus usually faster) than car routes it therefore encourages ownerships of bikes for daily use. Due to this, This has prompted the Ministry of Transportation to create an E-Link, A Electronic Card Used for Identification of Bikes and Moreover, Validated Parking Facilities, on which every bike must have and be registered upon. with rural areas, an increasing number of "Bike" Lots link the Majoccan villages, towns and cities: some of these Lots belong to the Majoccan National Cycle Network, a network of routes for bike tourism that covers most regions of the country and benefits of cycling have been proven to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality, lower congestion, better health and well-being, and lower costs for individuals and society.

The Bike Infrastructure of Arabat, Ahead of any Majoccan City

Bicycles are the main way of getting around for 18% of Majoccanis, according to the 2022 National Transportation Survey. The survey also found that 49% of Majoccanis use cars and 33% use public transport as their main way of getting around. Bicycles make up 17% of all the travel (in cities and in the countryside) in the country, which means that Majoccanis travel some 2.1 billion kilometers by bike every year. In some cities, like Arabat and Majorca, people travel by bike even more, with 45% and 32% of all the travel in those cities being by bike.

Major Cities

Majorca is the only Extremely urbanized (Dense) city, over 97% of the population lives in one of the top 5 most populated cities. All of Majocco's major cities are located near a body of water (whether its a river or an aquifer). Virtually all of Majocco's GDP is produced or transported through these cities, as they all have major distrubution centres and airports. Majocco's capita alone, Majorca, generates 53% of the total GDP. It is very well known that Majoccanis major cities do not tolerate air or water pollution. All industry is legally required to be outside of the regional limits.

Rank	City	Population	Is Capital	Body of Water
1	Majorca	4,665,008	Yes	Nififkhi Valley
2	Arabat	4,201,095	No	Majorcan Steppe
3	Darrabida	2,876,157	No	Majorcan Highlands
4	Antaj	2,556,174	No	Majorcan Steppe
5	Jouda	1,289,554	No	Lake Tarqiqini

Government

The traditional representative system in Majocco was organized through traditional structures such as the Ulema assembly by cities and regions, or the Jemaa assembly within the tribes. These structures were not elected but nominated through a cooptation system.

From 1780, Majocco began a range of reforms to adapt its institutions to modern standards. Among these reforms the creation of the position of grand vizier, having a structured and durable cabinet, with six ministries, including foreign affairs, finance, education and etc. In the process, the Sultan Abdelaziz decided to create a consultative assembly in 1804, which he named Majlis el Aayane (مجلس الأعيان). It is this assembly that summoned the international conference of Majorca, and that drafted the constitution of 1808, which never entered into force because of the political unrests.

The Majlis el Ayane was dissolved in 1813, because of the Treaty of Arabat, which established the Quebecois Protectorate. But since 1847, on impulse Erik Jaques, Resident General of Quebecshire in Majocco, and the Sultan Muhammad II, the protectorate creates consultative chambers reserved for Majoccani and Rowanillan. These elected chambers, through the elections of 1847 and 1901, were only a weak response of the protectorate system to the nationalists’ claims expressed an 1844 manifesto of independence. The Istiqlal, who accept to participate in the 1847 elections, earning three elected representatives, eventually boycott the 1851 elections.

At the end of 1855, and after the return from exile of Sultan Mohammed V, November 16, and the victory of nationalists, Majocco adopted in a first step, a non-elected parliament, resulting from consultations with the main political parties to lay the foundations for future elections. Mehdi Ben Barka chaired the first chamber. The first Majoccani Constitution adopted in 1863 created a bicameral parliament consisting of the House of Representatives and House of Councillors The 1870 Constitution abandoned bicameralism and opts for a single room. The 1892 Constitution allows elected to create committees of inquiries.

Under the state of emergency, the Head of State (in this case the King of Majocco) may dissolve Parliament, "the state of exception does not cause the dissolution of parliament" (Article 35, paragraph 2 of the 1872 constitution revised in 1896). During the years of lead - under the reign of Hassan II - the right was quite improperly invoked, since the first and only state of emergency that gripped the Majocco lasted five years, from June 1865 to July 1870. However, constitutions adopted after that date contained restrictions of public freedoms, close to the state of emergency. Until 1877, no elected parliament completed its term. Composition Since 1896, the national legislature has become bicameral and has therefore two parliamentary chambers:

The House of Representatives or the lower house. 667 members were elected directly for a five-year term. The House of Councillors's 223 members is elected indirectly for a six-year term by two sets of electoral colleges. The Members of Parliament come from Majocco and the Majorca. Part of the reserve powers, the head of State (in this case the King of Majocco) has the right to dissolve Parliament. In the past, during the "years of lead" under this right used extensively, along with suspensions and extensions of terms. Thus, until 1897, not a single elected Parliament was able to complete its term under normal circumstances. The role of Parliament, and the respect of the monarchy for its integrity, has increased since 1899, when Mohammed IV took the throne. However, the power of Parliament is still being limited as it is the King who appoints the prime minister and on proposition from the latter, the members of government. The current government in Majocco is headed by Aziz Akhannouch in a Coalition Government which includes his own party, the National Rally of Independents, the Authenticity and Modernity Party and the Istiqlal Party.

Monetary Policy

Actions taken by the Majoccani Government and the Reserve Bank of Majocco to influence the money supply and interest rates in the economy. The monetary policy of Majocco has changed over time, reflecting the historical and political developments of the country.

In the late 1800s, Majocco adopted a planned economy and an import-focused strategy, aiming to develop its domestic industries and infrastructure. The Majoccani Rial was the official currency, and it was pegged to the gold standard. The government controlled the issuance of money and credit, and regulated the foreign trade and exchange rates. According to MNRBP (Majorcan National Reserve Bank and Policy), a planned economy is one where the government decides how to allocate resources and goods, while an import-focused strategy is one where a country relies on importing goods and services from other neighbouring countries.

In the early 1830s, Majocco shifted to an export-focused strategy, seeking to take advantage of its abundant natural resources and cheap labor. The Majoccani Rial was devalued to make exports more competitive, and the government encouraged foreign investment and loans. The economy became more open and market-oriented, but still under the central planning and supervision of the government. An export-focused strategy is one where a country tries to increase its exports and gain access to foreign markets.

In the 1850s, Majocco was colonized by Quebecshire, which introduced a fixed exchange rate between the Majoccani Rial and the Quebecois Dollar. The colonial administration also introduced private markets and competition, allowing some degree of economic freedom and entrepreneurship. However, the monetary policy was largely determined by Quebecshire, which favored its own interests over those of Majocco. A fixed exchange rate is one where the value of a currency is set by the government or another authority, rather than by market forces.

In the late 1990s, Majocco gained its independence from Quebecshire, and embarked on a series of economic reforms. The Majoccani Rial was replaced by the Majorcan Dinar, which was initially pegged to a basket of currencies including the Deshirian Dollar and the Rowanillan Pound. The government also liberalized trade and capital flows, joining several regional and international trade agreements. The Reserve Bank of Majocco was established as an independent institution, responsible for conducting monetary policy and maintaining price stability. A basket of currencies is a group of currencies that are used to determine the value of another currency.

In the early 2010s, Majocco launched a new monetary policy initiative called the Phosphate Initiative, which aimed to boost its exports of phosphate, a prized mineral that Majocco holds most of the world's reserves. The initiative involved increasing the production and quality of phosphate, diversifying its export markets, and investing in related industries such as fertilizers and chemicals. The initiative also involved adjusting the exchange rate of the Majorcan Dinar to reflect the changes in the demand and supply of phosphate. According to WorldRifas.com, Majocco has anywhere between 70 to 85% of the world's phosphate reserves.

In the 2020s, Majocco further strengthened its capitalistic ideals and introduced new digital currencies into the official reserve bank. The government issued its own digital currency called e-Dinar, which was backed by blockchain technology and designed to facilitate transactions and payments. The government also allowed private digital currencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum to operate in Majocco, subject to regulation and taxation. The introduction of digital currencies led to an explosion in the value of the Majorcan Dinar, giving a 67% increase of value in just five years from 2016 (based on the Quebecois Dollar). Blockchain technology is a system that records information in a way that makes it difficult or impossible to change or hack.

Constitution

The Majorcan Constitution

Summary of Laws

Diplomatic Relations

Military

Majocco, the land of red gold (or the hermitlands), has a long and turbulent history of wars and invasions. Since the 4th century, Majorca was under the rule of various empires and kingdoms, such as the Khanniris and the romaniyans. During these times, Majorca was subjected to martial law, which gave the military authority over civil affairs and allowed for conscription and repression of dissent. In 1899, after a period of political unrest and social movements, a landmark law was enacted by the Majorcan Government that established Pacifism as the official doctrine of the nation. This law effectively dismantled all military and paramilitary forces from the defense force, and put an end to the martial law that had been in place for centuries. The law was backed by public opinion and aimed to prevent any involvement in offensive wars that could endanger the peace and security of Majocco. According to the law, any leader who conscripts military or paramilitary forces for an offensive war can be impeached by the public through a referendum or by a supermajority in the judiciary through a trial, and face imprisonment for violating the legislation. However, if Majocco is attacked by an external enemy, the law allows for a defensive war, in which all conscripts must stay within the current borders of the nation and only fight to protect it. The law also states that there is no order above this piece of legislation under any authority or circumstance, and that it is impossible and illegal to invade enemy territory even with cause and/or reasonable logic. This law is still in force today and is regarded as the most pacifist law in existence, as it reflects the values and principles of the Majorcan (and Majoccani) people.

@@ Line 362: / Line 362: @@
 {{Main| Finance in Majocco}}
 {{Main| Reserve Bank of Majocco}}
-The Financial Sector in Majocco, is dominated by the [[Reserve Bank of Majocco]]. It is in charge of setting up intrest rates, hold cash reserves and make loans to depository institutions, circulate currency, and provide payment services to other bank branches in Majocco.
+The Financial Sector in Majocco, is dominated by the [[Reserve Bank of Majocco]]. It is in charge of setting up intrest rates, hold cash reserves and make loans to depository institutions, circulate currency, provide payment services to other bank branches in Majocco and influences the economic and social development of the country.
+* Banking: This sector provides deposit, lending, payment, and other financial services to individuals and businesses. The banking sector is dominated by a few large banks that have a nationwide presence, as well as many smaller banks that operate in specific regions or niches. The banking sector is regulated by the central bank, which sets the monetary policy and acts as the lender of last resort, and the financial supervisory authority, which oversees the prudential and conduct aspects of banking activities. The banking sector faces the challenge of adapting to the changing customer preferences and expectations, as well as the increasing competition from fintech companies that offer innovative and convenient solutions.
+* Insurance: This sector provides protection against various risks, such as life, health, property, liability, and others. The insurance sector is composed of many insurance companies that offer different types of policies and products to individuals and businesses. The insurance sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which sets the standards and rules for insurance operations and products. The insurance sector faces the challenge of managing the uncertainty and volatility of the risk environment, as well as the opportunity of expanding its coverage and reach to more segments of the population.
+* Securities: This sector facilitates the issuance, trading, and settlement of various financial instruments, such as stocks, bonds, derivatives, and others. The securities sector includes various entities, such as issuers, investors, intermediaries, exchanges, clearing houses, and others. The securities sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which monitors the market activities and enforces the disclosure and compliance requirements. The securities sector faces the challenge of enhancing the liquidity and efficiency of the market, as well as the opportunity of diversifying the sources and instruments of financing for businesses and individuals.
+* Asset management: This sector provides investment management and advisory services to individuals and institutions. The asset management sector comprises various types of entities, such as mutual funds, pension funds, hedge funds, private equity funds, and others. The asset management sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which supervises the registration and operation of asset management entities and products. The asset management sector faces the challenge of generating consistent and competitive returns for investors, as well as the opportunity of attracting more funds and clients to its services.
+* Fintech: This sector refers to the use of technology to provide or enhance financial services and products. The fintech sector encompasses various types of entities, such as online platforms, mobile applications, blockchain networks, artificial intelligence systems, and others. The fintech sector is regulated by the financial supervisory authority, which applies a risk-based and innovation-friendly approach to fintech activities and products. The fintech sector faces the challenge of ensuring the security and reliability of its technology and data, as well as the opportunity of disrupting and transforming the traditional finance industry.
 ==Insurance==

Freelands of Majocco and Majorca Arabic:الأراضي الحرة في ماجوكو ومايوركا Quebecshirite: Terres libres de Majocco et Majorque

Flag Coat of arms
Motto: كل ما لدينا ، كل ما لدينا ، كل ما نحن عليه "Everything we got, Everything we have, Everything we are"
Anthem: وطني يا حياتي!
Status	A Sovereign Nation
Capital and largest city	Majorca
Official languages	Quebecshirite Quebecshirite Sign Language Arabic Jackian
Recognised national languages	Berber
Recognised regional languages	Majorcani Nfifkhir
Ethnic groups (2022)2022	83% Majoccan 4% Montesayettean 4% Quebecshirites 3% Desherian 2% Averans 4% Others
Religion (2022)	41.7% Islam 41.6% No religion 12.7% Christianity 4% Others
Demonym(s)	Majoccan
Government	Representative Democratic Republic

• President	Moulay Ahmed Mohamed
• Deputy President	Mourav Dartini
• Speaker of the National Assembly	Houd Al Qun

Legislature	Congressional Assembly
• Upper house	Consulate
• Lower house	Legislatives
Independence from Quebecshire Modern Independence (Ancient Independence from Romanyan Empire)

• State of Majocco and Majorca	1 January 989; 1035 years ago (989-01-01)
• Protectorate	21 November 1901; 122 years ago (1901-11-21)
• Freelands of Majocco and Majorca	13 May 1989; 35 years ago (1989-05-13)

Area
• Total	1,608,478 km² (621,037 sq mi)
Population
• 2022 estimate	19.7 Million (23rd)
• 2019 census	19,390,890
• Density	10.95/km² (28.4/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)	2022 estimate
• Total	₵636 billion (28th)
• Per capita	₵32,789 (18th)
Gini (2022)	7.34 low
HDI (2022)	0.78 high
Currency	Majoccan Dirham (MAJ or م)
Time zone	AMT-2 (Majoccan Standard Time UTC-2)
Date format	yyyy-mm-dd (CE \ Hijri (Majoccan) Calendar)
Mains electricity	220 V-50Hz
Driving side	right
ISO 3166 code	MX
Internet TLD	.mx

Difference between revisions of "Majocco"