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Revision as of 02:06, 9 March 2021
Vektranamic | |
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vektranā́mi | |
Region | Terranihil |
Era | 16th century BC - 2nd century AD (and until present in liturgy) |
Revival | 8th century AD |
Vektranamic alphabet | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Part of a series on |
Ecro-Avansertian languages |
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Vektranamic (Vektranamic:Ⲫⲉⲕⲧⲣⲁⲛⲁ̄ⲙⲓ, Vektranā́mi) is a classical language of Terranihil belonging to the Terranilian-Azumanakan branch of the Ecro-Avansertian language family. It arose in south eastern Terranihil in the mid 2nd millenium BC from its predecessor, Proto-Terranilic, as the first recorded Terranilic language. It used the Vektranamic alphabet, derived from Greek. It was the language of the ancient Vektranamic Empire that existed from 1500-600 BC. It is the sacred language of X religion, the language of classical X philosophy, and of the X church.
Contents
Etymology
History
Origin
Classical Vektranamic
1600-1000 BC
Middle Vektranamic
1000-400 BC
Late Vektranamic
400 BC-200 AD
Geographic distribution
Phonology
Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
dental | alveolar | post-alveolar | ||||||
Plosive | voiceless | /p/ p p | /t/ t t | /k/ k k | /ʔ/ ' ' | |||
aspirated | /pʰ/ pʰ | /tʰ/ tʰ | /kʰ/ kʰ | |||||
voiced | /b/ b b | /d/ d d | /g/ g g | |||||
Fricative | /f/ f f | /θ/ tᵃ ṭ | /s/ s s | /ʃ/ ś š | /x/ kᵃ c | /h/ h h | ||
voiced | /v/ v v | /ð/ dᵃ ḍ | /z/ z z | /ʒ/ ź ž | /ɣ/ gᵃ ǧ | |||
Nasal | /m/ m m | /n/ n n | ||||||
Liquid | /r/ r r, /l/ l l | |||||||
Semivowel | /j/ y j | /w/ w w |
Vektranamic has one digraph: /tʃ/ č.
High | /i/ ı ï | /u/ u ü |
---|---|---|
Mid | /e/ e ë | |
Low | /a/ a ä |
Morphology
Verbs
Vektranamic has three tenses: past, present, and future; two aspects: perfective and progressive; five moods: interrogative, imperative, conditional, potential, and subjunctive; and eight persons corresponding to the eight pronouns. Grammatical person and negation is expressed by verb prefixes, while tense, aspect, and mood are expressed by suffixes.
Tense, aspect, and mood
Aspect | Mood | Case | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Past | Present | Future | ||
Perfective | No mood | -ic | -im | |
Subjunctive | -ica | -a | -ima | |
Conditional | -icen | -en | -imen | |
Potential | -iceṭ | -eṭ | -imeṭ | |
Imperative | -icar | -ar | -imar | |
Interrogative | -iciš | -iš | -imiš | |
Progressive | No mood | -ev | -ep | |
Subjunctive | -eva | -sa | -epa | |
Conditional | -even | -sen | -epen | |
Potential | -eveṭ | -seṭ | -epeṭ | |
Imperative | -evar | -sar | -epar | |
Interrogative | -eviš | -siš | -epiš |
Person
Person | Prefix |
---|---|
First (s) | ga- |
First (p) | va- |
Second (s) | tu- |
Second (d) | vu- |
Second (p) | ju- |
Third (s) | sa- |
Third (d) | sva- |
Second (p) | tä- |
Nouns
Vektranamic has no grammatical gender; three numbers: singular, dual, plural; and six cases: nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, instrumental, and locative.
The instrumental case denotes usage of a thing.
- I wrote the note with a pen
- I ewjewfnw
The locative case denotes a noun at location or time, in something, and on something.
- She was born at 3 PM.
- she weue
- The cat is in the bag.
- the cajrrewn
- The paper is on the table.
- the pasoewee
Case name | Singular | Dual | Plural |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | -va | -i | |
Accusative | -aj | -vaj | -ija |
Dative | -al | -val | -il |
Genetive | -uk | -vuk | -ik |
Instrumental | -ap | -vap | -ip |
At locative | -eč | -več | -ič |
On locative | -er | -ver | -ir |
In locative | -est | -vest | -sit |
Pronouns
Vektramic has seven personal pronouns. Second and third person have a dual form but first does not. Each person has a plural. They are not gendered. All of the noun cases apply to pronouns; however, instrumental case denotes accompaniment rather than usage and the at locative case denotes near or around.
Person | Number | Case | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Genetive | Instrumental | At locative | On locative | In locative | ||
First | Singular | agam | agaj | agal | aguk | agap | ageč | ager | agest |
Plural | vajam | vaja | vajal | vajuk | vajap | vaječ | vajer | vajsit | |
Second | Singular | tu | tuj | tul | tuk | tujap | tuječ | tujer | tujest |
Dual | vu | vuj | vul | vuk | vujap | vuječ | vujer | vujest | |
Plural | ju | uj | jul | juk | ojap | oječ | ojer | jusit | |
Third | Singular | sa | saja | sajal | sajuk | sajap | saječ | sajer | sajest |
Dual | sva | svaja | svayal | svajuk | svajap | svaječ | svajer | svajest | |
Plural | täs | täja | täjal | täjuk | täjap | täječ | täjer | täjsit |