Umayyad Caliphate
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Umayyad Caliphate ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة (Arabic) | |||||||||
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 Flag | |||||||||
 The Umayyad Caliphate's greatest extent | |||||||||
| Status | Hereditary monarchy | ||||||||
| Capital | Madinah | ||||||||
| Common languages | Official: Classical Arabic Official in certain regions: Hebrew | ||||||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||||||
| Government | Hereditary caliphate | ||||||||
| Caliph | |||||||||
• 661–680 | Mu'awiya I (first) | ||||||||
• 744–750 | Marwan II (last) | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 661 | |||||||||
| 750 | |||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| 720 | 11,100,000 km2 (4,300,000 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||
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The Umayyad Caliphate was the second caliphate to succeed Prophet Muhammad, The Caliphate was ruled by the Umayyad Dynasty, The Caliphate was founded by Mu'awiya I after the overthrow of the Rashidun Caliphate, The family established dynastic, hereditary rule with Mu'awiya I, the long-time Governor of Jerusalem, after Mu'awiya's death in 680, disputes over the second succesion resulted in the Second Fitnah, power eventually went to Marwan I, the Umayyads continued their expansion, conquering more parts of the Romanyan Empire and conquering more of the Al Eazima Koura Desert, also conquering the Berber Lands.
