Creeperian Civil War

This article is about the "Creeperian Civil War" of 1933 to 1949. For other civil wars in Creeperopolis, see Creeperian Civil War (disambiguation).

Creeperian Civil War
Part of the Creeperian Conflicts
Clockwise from top-right: the Siege of San Salvador, an execution of communists, the Teguracoa Extermination Camp, the Siege of La'Victoria.
Location Primarily in Creeperopolis, but also in Atlántida, Castilliano, El Salvador, and the State of the Church Result Imperial Council victory End of the Second Parliamentary Era Restoration of absolute monarchy, establishment of a de facto military dictatorship, and formation of the General Courts Post-war Romerist mass-killings and repression Start of the Partisan Resistance
Belligerents
Imperial Council (Romerists) Allied groups: Creeperian Conservative Coalition Camisas Negras Creeperian Falange People's Catholic Front Militarist Nationalist Front Atlántidan Defense Militia Foreign volunteers Supported by: Atlántida Castilliano El Salvador FR Noundures Quebecshire (materiel only) Salisford State of the Church	National Council (Miguelists) Allied groups: People's Social Coalition Apostates for the Cause Elite Medical Detachment Atheist Red Army Special Task Squadrons Foreign volunteers Supported by: Ajakanistan Granada S Noundures Senvar Terranihil
Commanders and leaders
Romero I † Romero II Antonio Sáenz Heredia Adolfo Cabañeras Moreno † Alfonso Cabañeras Moreno Máximo Barrueco Morterero Enrique Figueroa Guerrero  Alexander Sánchez Molina Adolfo Rivera López Ramón Serrano Suñer Carlos Hernández Videla Ramiro Sandino Vales Hugo Bánzer Suárez Luís Sanchés e Cerro † Carlos Castillo Armas Melcior Parramon Mendiz Llorenç Bataller Zúrich Sandro Neri	Miguel VII † Marcos I † Rolando Rubio Noboa † Mariano Alcocer Fraga (POW) Juan Salinas Figueroa † Miguel Salinas Ortega (POW) José Bolívar Aguirre (POW) Pascual Espinar Casaus Cayetano Handel Carpio  José Huerta Milano (POW) Carlos Madrid Figueroa (POW) Tomàs Regalat Esglaó  Adalbert Boronat Cruilles † Achiq Llactahuaman Achachau
Strength
1933 strength: 865,000 soldiers 28 warships 450 aircraft 1943 strength: 3.4 million soldiers 35 warships 2,000 aircraft 1949 strength: 3.1 million soldiers 29 warships 1,800 aircraft	1933 strength: 870,000 soldiers 17 warships 650 aircraft 1943 strength: 3.7 million soldiers 25 warships 1,800 aircraft 1949 strength: 2.2 million soldiers 15 warships 1,000 aircraft
Casualties and losses
3.3 million killed in action 4.5 million wounded in action 0.5 million missing in action 0.9 million prisoners-of-war	3.7 million killed in action 4.5 million wounded in action 0.8 million missing in action 1.0 million prisoners-of-war
9–11 million killed in the De-Catholization 41.2 million total dead, 52.2 million total wounded, 3.2 million total missing

The Creeperian Civil War (Creeperian Spanish – Creeperian: Գփերրա Ծիվիլ Ծրեեպերիանո; Creeperian Spanish – Iberic: Guerra Civil Creeperiano) was a major civil armed conflict which took place in Creeperopolis from 2 January 1933 until 30 September 1949.

The civil war was fought between left and right-wing ideological groups; the left, including liberals, socialists, communists, anarchists, and political atheists, joined forces under the banner of the National Council for Peace and Order (National Council; Miguelists; CNPO), while the right, including conservatives, nationalists, fascists, monarchists, and political Catholics, joined forces under the banner of the Catholic Imperial Restoration Council (Imperial Council; Romerists; CRIC). Due to the complex nature and situation of Creeperian politics prior to 1933, the civil war was variously viewed as class struggle, a war of religion, and a struggle between fascism and communism. The Second Parliamentary Era of Creeperopolis was marked by internal violence between political factions and their militias, multiple attempted coups d'état and self coups, various large-scale protest movements, and general instability.

The death of Emperor Adolfo IV on 2 January 1933 triggered the civil war, as his two surviving sons, Prince Romero and Prince Miguel, both of whom had two vastly different political views, declared themselves as Adolfo IV's successor as emperor. Romero I was supported by the right-wing Creeperian Conservative Coalition (CCC) while Miguel VII was supported by the left-wing Creeperian Socialist Party (PSC), and war broke out after military factions loyal to both emperors skirmished in San Salvador del Norte. The skirmish fractured the military in half along ideological lines.

At the outbreak of the war, the Imperial Council controlled the capital city, San Salvador, along with La'Victoria, San Pedro, San Romero, Santa Ana, and Tuxtla Martínez, while the National Council controlled Adolfosburg (proclaimed their capital city), Denshire, La'Libertad, San Miguel, and San Luís. Both sides of the conflict received foreign aid and backing from national governments and from independent foreign volunteers. The civil war ended on 30 September 1949 with a final National Council defeat at the Battle of the Zapatista River, where many of the National Council's highest ranking leaders were captured. The war saw heavy use of tanks, aircraft, chemical weapons, and air raids.

The civil war was the deadliest and bloodiest war in history with up to 41.2 million people dead and up to 52.2 million more wounded. The war was marked by atrocities committed by both sides of the war; the Imperial Council against communists and atheists and the National Council against fascists and Catholics. Each side's string of atrocities were generalized as the White Terror (Imperial Council) and the Red Terror (National Council). The most notable atrocity of the war was the De-Catholization, a genocide, ethnocide, and series of massacres that aimed to eradicate Catholicism from Creeperopolis. The genocide is considered one of the worst in Terraconservan history and was one of the immediate reasons for the establishment of the Terraconserva Council of Nations (TCN) in 1952. Following the civil war, tens of thousands of Miguelists were executed for their allegiance to the National Council with charges such as war crimes, treason, blasphemy, and apostasy.

The civil war is a part of the wider Creeperian Conflicts, and as a direct consequence of the civil war, the Salvadoran War, Third Senvarian Insurgency, and Papal War began. Following the civil war, many leftists refused to surrender and continued to resist the far-right fundamentalist and authoritarian Catholic regime through partisan and guerrilla means which would be crushed in 1957 with the Massacre of the Seven Thousand. The Operation Genesis 19:24–25 was established as a campaign to oppress denial, commendation, and questioning of the De-Catholization and other National Council atrocities committed during the civil war. Although most of the victims of the National Council's atrocities and crimes have been given justice, little to no justice has been given to the victims of the Imperial Council's atrocities and crimes, mostly as either respect for their enduring of the De-Catholization or as simply turning a blind eye to the atrocities committed. The civil war remains as one of the most important and influential events in Creeperian history.

Names

The most common and accepted name used in reference to the war is the Creeperian Civil War (Creeperian Spanish – Creeperian: Գփերրա Ծիվիl Ծրեեպերիանո; Creeperian Spanish – Iberic: Guerra Civil Creeperiano), or in Creeperopolis, it is simply referred to as the Civil War (Գփերրա Ծիվիl; Guerra Civil).

During the war itself, the various factions referred to it by different names. Names which were used by both sides of the conflict include "The Struggle" (La'Lucha), "The War" (La'Guerra), "The Final War" (La'Guerra Final), and "The Rebellion" (La'Rebelión), with the latter being used as both sides saw the other as rebelling against their own government. Names used by right-wing factions of the conflict include the "Second Crusade" (Segunda Cruzada) or simply "The Crusade" (La'Cruzada), the "Righteous War" or the "Just War" (Guerra Justa), and "Romero's War" (Guerra de Romero). Names used by left-wing factions of the conflict include the "War of Freedom" (Guerra de Libertad), the "People's War" (Guerra del Pueblo), the "Necessary Battle" (Batalla Útil), and "The Final Revolution" (La'Revolución Final).

Some scholars and non-Creeperian historians have also referred to the war in various ways, although, most of the names listed are infrequently used or are considered obsolete. Names such as the "Second Creeperian Civil War" (Segunda Guerra Civil Creeperiano) and the "Second War of the Creeperian Succession" (Segunda Guerra de la'Successión Creeperiano) have been used, as the War of the Creeperian Succession of 1783 to 1790 was previously referred to as the "Creeperian Civil War" throughout the late-1700s, 1800s, and early-1900s, although its usage now refers solely to the 1933 to 1949 civil conflict.

Background

Establishment of the Second Parliament

Main article: Second Parliamentary Era

On 1 December 1887, Creeperian Emperor Adolfo III died, ending his 54-year long reign in Creeperopolis. For two years prior to his death, pro-republican leaders in Creeperopolis advocated for the return of democracy to Creeperopolis, 116 years after its abolition in 1771 by King Manuel III. Inhué Ordóñez Yepes, a lawyer and liberal politician, was the leader of the pro-democracy movement and managed to pressure Emperor Maximiliano II, Adolfo III's successor, to accept and implement democratic reforms, ending the absolute powers of the monarchy.

Creeperopolis held its first democratic election of the Second Parliamentary Era on 17 December 1887, where Ordóñez Yepes' center-left National Liberal Party (PLN) won in a landslide victory. The PLN won 1,784,205 votes, or 54.19 percent, and 56 of the parliament's 100 seats. The first parliamentary session began on 31 December 1887 and Ordóñez Yepes was elected as prime minister, the first person to hold the position since Fernando Moreno Juderías was deposed and killed in July 1771. The political opposition consisted of the center-right National Conservative Party (PCN) led by Macos Espiga Mina and the right-wing Catholic Royalist Party (PRC) led by Francisco Dueñas Díaz. The PCN and PRC eventually formed the Creeperian Conservative Coalition (CCC) to oppose the PLN's government, while the PLN joined with the left-wing Creeperian Socialist Party (PSC), led by Édgar Cazalla Beldad, and formed the People's Social Coalition (CSP).

In the succeeding 1892 election, the parliament's seat count was increased to 230, as 100 was initially chosen as a compromise total between right and left-wing political leaders. In the election, the CCC won a 131-seat majority, but the PRC prevent the PCN from electing a prime minister until the PCN agreed to appoint Dueñas Díaz as the parliament's 3rd secretary. After two failed ballots to select a prime minister, Espiga Mina agreed to appoint Dueñas Díaz as the 3rd secretary, and the PCN and PRC elected Espiga Mina as the country's next prime minister. A similar gridlock occurred after the 1897 election, where the PRC now demanded that the PCN appoint Dueñas Díaz as the 1st secretary and Antonio Sáenz Heredia, the PRC's deputy chairman, as the 3rd secretary. After seven ballots, the PCN agreed to the PRC's demands and Espiga Mina was elected to a second term as prime minister.

Religion in Creeperopolis

The Creeperian Catholic Church was one of the most influential and powerful entities throughout Creeperian history.

Since 540 AD, Creeperian Catholicism has been the state religion of Creeperopolis, with only a brief interruption between 1729 and 1730 during the Creeperian Republic. Creeperian Catholicism remained as the country's largest religion throughout its existence, but the country has also had minority religions coexist within its borders, most notably Senvarian Protestantism and Deltinian Islam, both of which suffered from extensive persecutions throughout Creeperian history. Senvarian Protestantism came to Creeperopolis following the annexation of the Kingdom of Senvar in 1839, and Deltinian Islam was absorbed into Creeperopolis throughout the 1200s and 1300s during the Creeperian Crusade against the Caliphate of Deltino.

During the First Parliamentary Era (1565–1771), criticism and scrutiny of religion began to manifest within some of the country's most left-wing political circles. Throughout the era, and especially beginning in the 1720s and 1730s during the premiership of Orlando Moreno Hidalgo, secularism, agnosticism, atheism, and irreligiousness in general began to grow in Creeperopolis. Following the fall of the parliament in 1771, irreligiousness was discouraged by Creeperian government of Manuel III. It was not until 1833 following the Revolution of 1833 and the rise of Adolfo III that the government took a stronger stance against irreligiousness. Adolfo III, in conjunction with other religious laws, made the public displays of irreligiousness illegal and punishable by thirty years of forced labor. While irreligiousness was persecuted and did decline in adherence, it was not entirely eradicated, and after the anti-irreligious laws were repealed in 1888 by the PLN, irreligiousness began to increase in popularity once again, especially amongst leftists.

Official estimates by the Creeperian government compiled in 1900 estimated that around 76 percent of the country was Creeperian Catholic, while 15 percent of the country was either agnostic, atheist, or otherwise irreligious. The margins narrowed by 1920, when Creeperian Catholics composed 68 percent of the population and the irreligious composed another 23 percent of the population. Politically, the PRC advocated for the return of Creeperian Catholic hegemony to Creeperopolis and the reinstatement of Creeperian Catholicism as the state religion, as it has its status revoked in 1889 by the PLN-led government. Creeperian Catholicism's status as the state religion was instated and revoked multiple times throughout the Second Parliamentary Era whenever a new government took power.

Many Creeperian leftists accused the PRC-led governments of seeking to eliminate freedom of religion and eradication of all other religions when it stated that it sought to return to a Creeperian Catholic hegemony, in their policy known as National Catholicism. Meanwhile, rightists accused the PLN and PSC-led governments of seeking to establish atheism as the dominant religion in Creeperopolis. Known as National Atheism, the PRC accused the left of also seeking to eradicate Creeperian Catholicism and all other religions, turning Creeperopolis into an entirely secular nation.

Combatants

Imperial Council

Main article: Catholic Imperial Restoration Council

National Council

Main article: National Council for Peace and Order

Foreign support

Main article: Foreign involvement in the Creeperian Civil War

Atrocities

Main article: War crimes during the Creeperian Civil War

White Terror

Main article: White Terror (Creeperopolis)

Red Terror

Main article: Red Terror (Creeperopolis)

De-Catholization

Main article: De-Catholization

See also

Creeperopolis portal Terraconserva portal

• Creeperian Civil War (disambiguation)

Bibliography

• Pareja Palau, Orlando (2009). Գփերրա Ծիվիl [Civil War]. Historia de Creeperópolis (in Creeperian Spanish). 3 (2nd ed.). San Salvador, Creeperopolis: Impresión Creeperiano. doi:10.1017/S0022216X00001425. ISBN 9780742537415. JSTOR 156558.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

External links

Media related to the Creeperian Civil War at LCN Wiki

• Creeperian Civil War (NSIndex; 4 October 2019)
• Creeperian Civil War (IIWiki; 9 March 2020)